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Atmospheric Dispersion and Consequence Modeling of Radiological Emergencies

Thesis Info

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Author

Jilani, Abdul Basit

Program

PhD

Institute

Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad.

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2009

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Applied Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/272

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725561558

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The Medium Term Development Frame Work (MTDF) 2005-10 by Planning Commission Government of Pakistan states the policy for power sector in which it puts a greater emphasis on nuclear power resources by increasing its share from currently 425 MW to 8800MW by 2030. With the increase of nuclear share in the overall national energy mix, a corresponding environmental impact and nuclear safety analysis are equally important. These are usually taken care of by Primary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR) of a proposed nuclear power plant. The PSAR of any proposed nuclear power plant involves the assessment of a hypothetical accidental release of radionuclides in the atmosphere as set forth by US-NRC and PNRA such as those given as criteria for preparation and evaluation of radiological emergency plans and preparedness (10CFR100, PAK/910). Modeling atmospheric dispersion (both transport and diffusion) is the first step of such assessments. The objective of this work is to determine a more precise modeling methodology that can better predict the radiological consequences in terms of radionuclide concentration and doses compared to Gaussian dispersion approach that is based on assumptions such as uniform turbulence, flat topography and non-variant wind speed with time and space. The research goal was achieved by developing two broad strategies on the basis of Lagrangian approach. The first strategy is an effort to provide a simple answer to the complex problem. This methodology makes use of empirical parameterization of meteorology which serves as input for dispersion calculations by Lagrangian Stochastic Particle Model (LSPM). But the beauty of approach is its capability to capture complex atmospheric phenomenon like wind directional shear. This approach was used to study hypothetical accidental release of radionuclides in nocturnal atmosphere which generates maximum wind directional shear. The results of dispersion in terms of dispersion coefficients were in good comparison with that of experimental findings in the available literature. The resulting ground level concentrations of radio-nuclides and radiological dose contours were also compared with those based on approach analogous to Gaussian Plume Model (GPM). The exercise proved that how misleading results would be if we ignore wind directional shear in stable atmosphere. The second approach is based on a state of the art solution. It involves the coupling of an Eulerian meteorological model (RAMS) with LSPM. The meteorological model is responsible to provide meteorological input to LSPM at each grid point and at each time step. This computational technique was used to simulate a hypothetical accident at a proposed site for Nuclear Power Plant. The meteorological output of the modeling system was compared with observed values. The comparison proved the efficacy and reliance of the approach. This computationally intensive but effective strategy is quite capable of supporting a real time decision making system for tackling nuclear emergency.
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ڈاکٹر یعقوب صروف

ڈاکٹر یعقوب صروف
اڈیٹر المقتطف کی وفات، علمی حلقہ میں یہ خبر نہایت افسوس کے ساتھ سنی جائے گی کہ مصر کے مشہور علمی، صنعتی، زراعتی اور فلسفیانہ رسالہ المقتطف کے دوسرے اڈیٹر ڈاکٹر یعقوب صروف نے بھی جولائی ۱۹۲۷؁ء کو وفات پائی۔ یہ وہ شامی اہل قلم ہے جس نے عربی ممالک میں سب سے پہلے سائنس، حکمیات، فلسفہ اور اختراعات جدیدہ کے معلومات بہم پہنچائے اور پورے پچاس برس اس نے اس اہم خدمت کو انجام دیا۔ ۱۸۷۶؁ء میں اس نے اس رسالہ کو جاری کیا تھا اور اب تک اسی طرح پوری شان کے ساتھ جاری رہا۔ ان کی پیدائش ۱۸ء میں ہوئی تھی۔ بیروت امریکن کالج میں تعلیم پائی تھی اور پھر وہیں ریاضیات کے پروفیسر مقرر ہوگئے تھے۔ وہیں اس رسالہ کی اشاعت کا اس کو اور اس کے رفیق فارس نمر کو جو پہلے وفات پاچکا ہے، خیال آیا تھا۔ ترکی حکومت نے اپنی اجازت سے ان کی ہمت افزائی کی۔ آخر یہ مصر میں آکر تکمیل کو پہنچا۔ یعقوب صروف کے بعد فواد صروف نے اس رسالہ کی زمامِ ادارت اپنے ہاتھ میں لی ہے۔
(ریاست علی ندوی، ستمبر ۱۹۲۷ء)

 

Gender based Differences in COVID-19 patients

Coronaviruses are a huge family of viruses that originate disease extending from the common cold to further fatal maladies. Objective: The study was conducted to determine the gender based differences in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Study included total 150 participants visiting Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Data were collected through self-structured questionnaire using non-probability convenient sampling. Prior written informed consents were taken from the participants. Ethical approval was taken fromThe University of Lahore, Lahore. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 25.0. Results: Results showed that among the comorbidities hypertension was most common in COVID-19 patients followed by diabetes mellitus, especially in females. Whereas renal disorders and asthma were most reported in males. Analysis revealed that there was a significant association (p=0.001) between disease severity and gender. Conclusion: Study concluded that there was significant association between gender and disease severity.

المقارنۃ بین الدر المصون و بلاغۃ القران

Comparison between Al-Dur-Al-Masoon and Blaghat-Al-Quran (Morphological and Syntactical analysis) (Chapter Aal-e-Imran) As a matter of fact many a Muslim scholars had been compiling their Tafaseers on Morphological and Syntactical grounds.Just because complete understanding of Quranic verses impossible without the help of these two. So the researcher chose two books, one from old period and other from present time to compare their styles in dealing with Morphological and Syntactical Citations. I have divided my topic into Abstract, Preface, five chapters, Bibliography and list of contents. First chapter will talk about Morphological and Syntactical Citations in TafaseerUlQuran and it has three sub-chapters and Second chapter will introduce Halabi, Shaikhly and their books and it has three sub-chapters and Third chapter will consist of Morphological and Syntactical Citations in Al- Dur-Al-Masoonand it has three sub-chapters and Fourth chapter will consist of Morphological and Syntactical Citations in Balaghat-Al-Quran and it has three sub-chapters and Fifth chapter will deal with comparison between Al-Dur-Al-Masoon and Balaghat-Al-Quranand it has three sub-chapters.