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Biochemical Studies on New Inhibitors of P-Glucuronidase and Hepatotoxic Activity of Some Chemical Constituents

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Shujaat, Shahida

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Karachi

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2003

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Applied Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2967/1/119.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676725596545

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خاتمہ کلام

حدود و قصاص سے متعلق شرعی قوانین موجود ہیں اور دنیا ان کے ثمرات سے مستفید ہو تی رہی ہے کیونکہ یہی قوانین صدرِ اسلام میں نافذ ہوئے ۔ بنو امیہ ، بنوعباس ، دولتِ فاطمیہ سے لے کر خلافت عثمانیہ تک اور ہندوستان میں بھی مغلوں نے انہیں قوانین کے ذریعے دنیا کو امن و امان فراہم کیا۔
مصنف اس بات کا اعتراف کرتا ہے کہ حدودوقصاص اور دیگر اسلامی قوانین کی تنفیذ کے لیے ریاست کا ڈھانچہ اسلامی و فلاحی ہو ۔ مسلمانوں کے اجتماعی نظام کی اصل اساس امرھم شورٰ ی بینھم ہی ہے اس لیے ان کے امراء و حکام کا انتخاب اور حکومت و امارت کا انعقاد مشورے سے ہی ہو۔ ریاست کے عاملین اور ججوں کا تقرر اسلامی طریقے کے مطابق ہو ۔ عاملین و ججوں میں یہ تمام خصوصیات پائی جاتی ہوں کہ وہ مسلمان ، آزاد ، عادل ، پاکدامن، بردبار ، ماقبل کے حالات سے باخبر ، عقل مند حضرات سے مشاورت کرنےوالے اور اللہ تعالیٰ کی راہ میں کسی ملامت کرنےوالے کی ملامت سے نہ ڈرنے والے ہوں ۔عدلیہ کے سامنے مقدمات پیش کر نے والے پولیس افسران ایماندار ہوں،تاکہ معاشرے میں نظم وضبط قائم کرسکیں ، قانون کو لاگو کر سکیں ، مظلوم کو انصاف دلوا سکیں اور مقدمات کے اندراج سے عدالت مجاز میں مقد مہ کے فیصلے تک وہ قانون اور مظلوم کا ساتھ دیں۔ وکلاءآزاد اور صحیح فیصلہ کرنے میں عدلیہ کی معاونت کریں۔ ریاست کے انتظام کو چلانے کےلیے چاہے وہ امیر المسلمین ہو ، جج ہو ، پولیس افسر ، وکیل ، سرحد کی حفاظت کرنے والا فوجی ان سب کی صحیح معنوں میں تربیت کےلیے اسلامی نظام تعلیم کا بندوبست ہونا ضروری ہے اور نظام تعلیم کے مقاصد خالصتاً اسلامی فلسفہ حیات سے اخذ کیے گئے ہوں ، پڑھنے...

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This paper is the study of the fact that chief nutrition and health-relevant compounds in honey are carbohydrates, particularly glucose and fructose, which create it a superb energy resource for human. The honey comprises huge number of components in minor and trace level enzymes, proteins, minerals, vitamins and phenolic compounds, creating biological and nutritional effects like wound healing, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. The usage of honey is commonly comprised by all cultural beliefs and religious. Honey is a natural liquid mentioned in religious books and accepted by all generations, traditions and civilizations in both ancients and modern era. More than 1400 years ago, honey is described a source of healing in the Quran and it is also mentioned as one of the foods of paradise

Studies on Regulation of Intronic Polyadenylation by Rna Helicase P68/Ddx5 and U1snrnp in Mcf7 Cell Line

In eukaryotes, pre-mRNA has to undergo different processing steps; addition of cap at 5′ end, removal of introns to join functional exons, and addition of poly(A) tail at 3′ end to become fully functional mRNA. These processing events are linked to each other; one process effects efficiency of the other. Addition of polyA tail is not only limited at 3` end but poly A sequences are also found in genes (within exons and introns). The use of one of these intronic PAS results in primary transcript with different 3`UTR. DDX5 (p68) and DDX17 (p72) are RNA helicases performing different cellular functions; mi-RNA processing, transcription, mRNA processing, cell proliferation/transformation, cellular development and cancer. Four human genes MET, BCCIP, TGM2, and SMAD2 were selected to determine the relationship between p68, U1 snRNP, and activation of intronic polyadenylation. Genes were cloned into pGL3-TK vector having Firefly luciferase reporter gene. Mutation was introduced in 5`splice site to block U1. MCF7 cells were transfected with si-RNAp68/p72. After 24 hours cells were co-transfected with WT and Mut plasmids and pRL-SV40 control vector. Expression level of short isoform was determined by Dual Luciferase Reporter assay. The results suggest the role of p68 in IPA activation. Quantitative PCR was performed on uncleaved/total mRNA that confirmed the role of p68 RNA helicase in IPA acting through U1snRNP. To exclude the possibility that IPA is activated by splicing inhibition, si-RNAs against two splicing factors were used. If competitive inhibition of splicing result in IPA activation then should get the same expression level of short isoform with both si-RNAs, but it was not the case. IPA activation was seen only after si-U1 70k treatment while no or little short isoform was observed after si-U2AF65. These results clearly prove that IPA activation is not related to splicing inhibition. Overexpression of p68 and p72 enhanced the IPA event, again confirming the role of p68 in IPA. All experimental results prove that p68 activates intronic polyadenylation by removing U1 from 5`ss. Influence of p68 on IPA is not direct but it is acting through U1.