28. Al-Qasas/The Narratives
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
28:01
a. Ta. Sin. Mim.
28:02
a. These are the Messages of the Clear Book - The Divine Qur’an.
28:03
a. WE are going to recount to you some of the narratives of Moses and Pharaoh truthfully, for a people who believe.
28:04
a. Indeed, Pharaoh exalted himself in the land of Egypt, and
b. divided its citizens into different ethnic and social factions,
c. seeking to oppress one faction among them - Descendants of Jacob – and depriving them of all human rights and civil liberties,
d. and, slaughtering their baby-boys at birth, while sparing their women/baby-girls.
e. He - Pharaoh - was truly of the oppressors and tyrants.
28:05
a. However, WE wanted to empower those very people who were being oppressed in the land
of Egypt – Descendants of Jacob, and
b. to make them the leaders and to make them the inheritors.
28:06
a. And to empower them in the land by giving them political power and religious authority,
b. and to show Pharaoh and Haman and their armies - through them - the very thing that they had dreaded - and trying to prevent.
28:07
a. And so when Moses was born, WE inspired Moses’ mother by saying that:
b. ‘Keep breast feeding him as usual, but when you fear for his life, then put him afloat into the River Nile,
c. and, once you have done so, then do not fear and do not grieve for he will be saved.
d. Surely WE...
Allāh Almighty has concentrated most of the physical beauty of the human beings in the upper part of the human body, i. E., the face and what surrounds the face. Here is displayed the important features of human beauty. Hair on head adds beauty to a person’s countenance. Especially, long, thick, silky & shiny hair is always preferred by females. But it required to be kept clean, tidy and properly combed. Unfortunately, often, it seems that the women, who wear “Ḥijāb”, do not bother to maintain their hair in a proper manner. Since, it is out of sight, so is out of mind, but, it does not mean that since if hair is not visible, they should neglect it. Sometimes, improper keeping of hair creates a lot of problems like lice, itching, dandruff, hair fall, etc. Therefore, cleanliness is the most important element for the health of hair and Islām also recommends the same. Most of the time, people adopt different methods and products for hairstyling, such as branded shampoo, extensions, transplantation of hair, dyeing, trimming of hair, etc. But, people need to know the Islamic ruling of beatification, so that they may not indulge in something, which is not allowed in the Islamic law. Therefore, the author of this paper, chose this topic to explore and hence, guide the people, especially, the women, the methods and types of products that are allowed for them to use and adopt, and the others ones that are forbidden or undesirable, according to Islamic law of beautification.
Hepatitis C Virus is one of the lethal infections prevailing throughout the world. There are approximately 8.5 million individuals that are infected with this deadly virus in Pakistan. Hepatitis C virus is responsible for acute and chronic viral infection. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection causes persistent inflammation that leads to liver fibrosis, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and finally hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is strong evidence that insulin resistance has a major role in metabolic syndrome, and is a risk factor for increased liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. However the underlying mechanism of insulin resistance in chronic hepatitis C virus infection is not well known. The present study describes the molecular mechanism of HCV nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) induced insulin resistance. In this study, we elucidated the molecular mechanism involved in HCV nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) induced insulin resistance. In the present study human hepatoma cell line Huh 7.5 was transfected with HCV NS5A (Huh 7.5/NS5A) as well as HCV (JFH-1) genomic RNA was transfected into Huh 7.5 cell line (Huh 7.5/HCV) to discern the effect of HCV and HCV NS5A protein upon modulation of insulin signaling pathway. Here, we demonstrated that an increased serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (pSer307) and Akt (pSer473) in Huh 7.5/HCV infected cells compared to mock infected cells. Interestingly, the Huh 7.5/NS5A cell line showed an increased serine phosphorylation of pSer307 IRS-1 and pSer473 Akt, compared to the mock transfected cells, which is a critical step defining the downstream insulin signaling pathway. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), the downstream target of Akt, is known to favor gluconeogenesis. Our results revealed a diminished phosphorylation level of GSK-3 in Huh 7.5/NS5A expressing hepatoma cells compared to the mock transfected cells, thereby favoring gluconeogenesis. Forkhead transcription factor (FOX-01) which is another important downstream target of insulin signaling pathway, was shown to undergo reduced phosphorylation level (pSer 256) in Huh 7.5/NS5A expressing hepatoma cells compared to the mock transfected cells. Collectively, these findings suggest a molecular mechanism by which ectopic expression of Huh 7.5/NS5A modulates the insulin signaling pathway at post translational level. There are several gluconeogenic and lipogenic markers lying downstream to the insulin mediated signaling molecules (pSer307IRS-1, pSer473Akt, pSer256Fox-01 and GSK-3). In this study, we observed that Huh 7.5/HCV infected hepatoma cells as well as ectopic expression of Huh 7.5/NS5A leads to enhanced gluconeogenesis through up regulating the mRNA levels of gluconeogenic genes i.e. Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (PEPCK) and Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) compared to their controls. In the similar way, an elevated mRNA level of Diacyl glycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), a key lipogenic marker, was also observed in Huh 7.5/HCV infected as well as Huh 7.5/NS5A expressing hepatoma cells compared to their controls. Based on these results, we deduce a mechanism through which HCV NS5A is potentially capable of modulating the entire insulin signaling pathway at mRNA and post-translational level thereby paving a way towards insulin resistance, a metabolic syndrome.