Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > Controlled Synthesis and Potential Applications of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane and Magnetic Nanomaterials

Controlled Synthesis and Potential Applications of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane and Magnetic Nanomaterials

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Bahadur, Ali

Program

PhD

Institute

Quaid-I-Azam University

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad.

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10012/1/Ph.D.%20dissertation%20Ali%20Bahadur%20%28HEC%29.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725790964

Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.

Similar


To broaden applications, increase environmental friendliness, reduce cost, and sustainability, water is a tempting choice as a solvent for waterborne polyurethane (WPU). WPU is a revolutionary step in the reduction of volatile organic contents in the field of green polymer chemistry. In the first part of the dissertation, eco-friendly emulsifier-free biodegradable WPU elastomers were synthesized via a two-step prepolymer process by using renewable ionomer lysine and aliphatic diamines as a chain extender (CE). Different series of WPU were synthesized by changing molecular weight (Mw) of soft segment (SS), NCO/OH ratio, length of CE, and methyl methacrylate (MMA) concentration. The focus of this research was to study the dependence of mechanical properties, thermal, surface, structural, and the drug delivery applications of WPU on length of CE, size of the hard segment (HS), NCO/OH ratio (3-4), molecular weight (Mw) of polyethylene glycol (PEG, Mw varies from 650 to 2000 g/mol), and concentration of MMA (10%-40%). Biodegradable WPUs were employed as the stimuli-responsive drug release matrix, loaded by cisplatin as a model anticancer drug. Sustained-drug release was studied by changing pH (4.4-7.4), polarity of drug release medium (solvents), temperature, concentration of MMA, Mw of PEG, length of CE and NCO/OH contents (3-4). So, drug release rate was adjusted under different conditions with the help of stimuli-responsive drug release WPU matrix. Semiconductor nanocrystals are potential resources for clean energy conversion and storage. In the 2nd part of this dissertation, the author focuses on the controlled synthesis of different magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) and robust photocatalytic systems, microwave absorber, and construction of anode material for a lithium-ion battery. Several scientific research achievements attained are as follows: (1) Eco-friendly, biocompatible, water dispersible, impurity-free, single-phase, citric acid surface capped, ultrafine-superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (USM NPs) were prepared. USM NPs were synthesized by modifying wet chemical facile co-precipitation green itinerary. Size of USM NPs was tuned from 11-15 nm by controlling pH of reaction media. Citric acid, polyaniline, trimethoxy silyl propyl methacrylate, polyacrylamide, and polyamine surface-modified USM NPs ferrofluid was formed for different applications. Novel self-assembled morphologies of magnetite (Fe3O4) were controlled by using a facile, template-free hydrothermal pathway under optimized conditions engaging different precursors with the best control of morphology and electrochemical properties. A detailed study of the thermal, Controlled Synthesɨs and Potentɨal Applɨcations of Eco-friendly Polyurethane & Magnetɨc Nanomaterials xiv magnetic, dielectric, optical, and biological properties of USM NPs were conducted. Excellent reflection loss values confirmed that these USM NPs are promising microwave absorber which is very useful in satellite communications and EMR pollution control. USM NPs were further investigated for potential photocatalytic applications in dye degradation under visible light with detailed mechanism. (2) In the electric energy storage technology, lithium-ion battery (LIB) is a revolutionary step for making a green environment. The anodic material for LIB was made by using graphene-magnetite-polyaniline nanocomposite (Gr-Fe3O4-PANI NC) as a high-performance electrode. Gr-Fe3O4-PANI NC based LIB has shown superior reversible current capacity of 960 mAh g−1 and high cycling stability along with more than 99% coulombic efficiency even at a high current density of 5 Ag−1, low volume expansion, and excellent power capabilities over 250 cycles. (3) For the photocatalytic water oxidation application, morphologically-controlled pseudobrookite Fe2TiO5-TiO2 yolk-shell hollow spheres were synthesized by using facile sacrificial hard template strategy. The Fe2TiO5-TiO2 yolk-shell hollow spheres have exhibited high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) rate of 148 μmolg−1h−1 under UV-Vis light. So, designed Fe2TiO5-TiO2 yolk-shell hollow spheres are beneficial for the photocatalytic water oxidation. (4) Ultrapure hexagonal BaFe12O19 nanoferrite was prepared by a facile coprecipitation route. Crystallite size was found to grow from 50 nm to 78 nm when the annealing temperature increased from 800 °C to 1000 °C, respectively. The EMR absorption was obtained at a frequency of 2-18 GHz from VNA which showed maximum absorption of -26.52 dB at a frequency of 5.79 GHz
Loading...
Loading...

Similar Books

Loading...

Similar Chapters

Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...

آنکھوں کو بھلے لگتے ہیں آثار نبیؐ کے

آنکھوں کو بھلے لگتے ہیں آثار نبیؐ کے
ہر سمت ہیں بکھرے ہوئے انوارنبیؐ کے

در پیش ہے پھر مرحلہ خیبر و مرحب
پھر آئیں نظر حیدرِ کرارؓ نبیؐ کے

دونوں ہی دل و جان سے قربان تھے اُن پر
مکے کے مہاجر ؓ ہوں کہ انصارؓ نبیؐ کے

بو بکرؓ و عمرؓ ، حیدرؓ و عثمان ِ غنی ؓ تک
ہیں قابلِ اکرام سبھی یار نبیؐ کے

دل ہو کہ دماغ اِن سے منور ہیں ہمہ دم
آنکھوں کا اُجالا ہیں یہ افکار نبیؐ کے

اِن کے ہیں مکیں آیۂ تطہیر کے مالک
ہیں کتنے مقدس در و دیوار نبیؐ کے

سوچیں تو نہیں آتے ہیں گننے میں بھی عابدؔ
اُمت کے لیے اتنے ہیں ایثار نبی ؐ کے

واقع التعليم الإلكتروني بالمغرب: جهة طنجة تطوان الحسيمة نموذجا

تهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف على واقع التعليم الإلكتروني بالمغرب، وكذلك الكشف عن الآليات الموظفة في هذا القطاع، وإبراز الإجراءات التي اتبعت من طرف وزارة التربية الوطنية لنشر هذه التكنولوجيا بالمؤسسات التعليمية، والتعرف على المعيقات التي تعترض اعتماد نمط التعليم الإلكتروني. وللوقوف على واقع هذا النوع من التعليم، تكونت عينة البحث من (120) أستاذة وأستاذا، شكلوا مجتمع الدراسة بسلكي التعليم الابتدائي والثانوي، التابعين لأكاديمية التربية والتعليم بجهة طنجة تطوان الحسيمة. وقد وزعت عليهم استمارات بنيت بكل دقة، وتضمنت أربعة محاور ممتدة على خمسة وعشرين سؤالا، تناولت بتفصيل كل عناصر الموضوع. وللإجابة عن تساؤلات البحث، وبناء على أهداف الدراسة ومتغيراتها تم الاعتماد على: المنهج الإحصائي الكمي لحساب التكرارات، والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي التركيبي القائم على أسلوب تحليل المحتوى. وقد أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن التعليم الإلكتروني بالمغرب مازال قاصرا عن تحقيق الأهداف المرجوة منه، نظرا لعدة إكراهات كضعف التكوين والصعوبات المادية والمشاكل المرتبطة بالتجهيز. الكلمات المفتاحية: التعليم الإلكتروني، تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات، جهة طنجة تطوان الحسيمة.

Structural, Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Spinel Based Transition Metal Oxides

Theoretical study of Spinel based Transition Metal Oxides is reported. The Density Functional Theory approach is adopted for computational investigation using LAPW code. The structural, elastic properties of (XAl2O4 for X=Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), (MGa2O4 for M=Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd), (NIn2O4 for N=Mg, Zn, In) & (ZnP2O4 for P=V, Cr, Fe, Rh, Sn) along with electronic & magnetic properties of cubic spinel oxides (XAl2O4) and (MGa2O4) have calculated. The calculated structural parameters conform to other experimental and theoretical evidences. Fulfillment of elastic stability criteria proves the reliability of the reported data. The calculated elastic constants show that all materials abide its stability opposing elastic deformations and the Cauchy’s pressure confirms the dynamical stability of these materials. The high values of bulk moduli show the hardness of these materials while the Young moduli data reveal that MgAl2O4 is the stiffer material among all. Further, Poisson’s ratios testify the compressibility, connote stableness to external deformation of these materials and reveal dominance of central forces being the interatomic forces. Out of 24 materials, only 05 are brittle and the rest are ductile with elastic anisotropy. MgAl2O4 is the most brittle and CdGa2O4 is the most ductile material. The electronic structure (Total DOS) show all XAl2O4, MGa2O4 (M=Fe, Co, Zn, Cd) have antiferromagnetic, NiGa2O4 & CuGa2O4 have FM state and the valence near Fermi level due to the transition metal 3d state. The calculation of direct exchange energy Δx(d) shows that the exchange mechanism of electrons is dominant in introducing magnetism and enormous exchange splitting is observed in these materials. The ferromagnetism in the group MGa2O4 of spinel oxide compounds is due to hybridization between the electrons in the 3d-states cation and 2p states anion. Appearance of magnetic moments in these materials is due to unpaired electrons in 3d states of Transition metal ions. The negative value of indirect exchange energy confirms the magnetism by spin of electrons.