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Determination of Anhydrides and Use of Proteins As Biomolecular in Plasma In-Spin of Toxicity in Health Risk of Organics

Thesis Info

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Author

Mahessar, Sumera

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Sindh

City

Jamshoro

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11890/1/Sumera%20Mahessar%20Chemistry%202017.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725839267

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Safe occupational workplace and hygiene measures are important among industrial workers. Workplace related health problems are the most common of developing industry poor workers. Around the world approximately 300 million people suffer by asthma and respiration related problems. In Pakistan, there are many patients suffer by asthma and allergy complications. The highest numbers of cases have been reported in Karachi and Multan due to industrial activities and other factors. The Organic acid anhydrides (OAAs) are widely industrial chemicals used in textiles, plastics, dyes, paints, pesticides, adhesives & resin industries. The most commonly used OAAs in these industries are phthalic anhydride (PA) maleic anhydride (MA), succinic anhydride (SA), trimellitic anhydrides (TMA) and acetic anhydride (AA). These anhydrides react with proteins and form adducts (complex) contributing harmful effects of asthma and sensitization problems in the exposed workers. This study is carried out on the industrial workers of Kotri SITE Area Industrial zone located at the south west of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Allergy is major disease with two of the most common forms with (type I allergy) symptoms such as conjunctivitis, asthma, rhinitis, and (type IV allergy) allergenic contact dermatitis found commonly among exposed workers. There is lack of occupational hygiene schemes in the SITE area, Kotri. The survey data designed questionnaire was filled from workers in the study area. The survey data has been designed with questionnaire between the different worker groups filled for workers. My study is to investigate the protein role clinically and metabolically among exposed workers from local industry workers compared with healthy controls by different analytical techniques. Spectrophotometric studies were performed on UV/Visible Lambda 35 Perkin Elmer (USA) with its computer software to confirm adducts (complex) formation of selected five OAAs (maleic anhydride(MA), phthalic anhydride(PA),succinic V anhydride(SA), acetic anhydride (AA), trimellitic anhydride (TMA) ) with two major proteins like serum albumin(SA) and hemoglobin (Hb). The SDS-PAGE Electrophoresis analysis for serum albumin and hemoglobin Proteins (dye industry & Paint industry workers) was done successfully. The clinical data and demographic properties were obtained with the help of questionnaire by local physician after taking consent. The hematological parameters (blood C.P) were performed upon industry workers as powder paints may contain excess amount of anhydrides responsible for irritation and sensitization. Biochemical analysis is an extremely important study helps in diagnosis of many diseases at earliest performed most in clinical chemistry. The blood samples analyzed for determination of LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase), Glucose (random), Alkaline Phosphate (Alkaline Phosphatase), SGPT (Serum aspartate aminotransferase), SGOT (Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase), CPK (Creatine Phospho Kinase), Albumin (SA), Hemoglobin (Hb), Blood Urea, Creatinine, Total Protein, Total Cholestrol , Triglycerides, LDL Cholestrol, .HDL Cholestrol, Calcium (Ca),Chloride (Cl) and Potassium on flame photometer. The total immunoglobulin IgE was also investigated on Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant assay (ELISA) test to associate with Plasma protein role upon exposed workers and control samples. The evaluation of Blood serum samples in different groups of exposed workers was compared with controlgroups for variation. Almost 76% of workers were affected due to protein binding with hazardous anhydrides and indicated as community problem for improving the quality of life.
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قومی اتحاد

قومی اتحاد
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب شاہینو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’قومی اتحاد‘‘
جناب صدر!
واعتصموا بحبل اللہ جمیعا ولا تفرقو، تم سب مل کر اللہ کی رسی کو مضبوطی سے تھام لو اور تفرقہ میں نہ پڑو دینِ اسلام اس فرمان کی روشنی میں قومی اتحادکی تلقین کر رہا ہے۔ قومی اتحاد ملی وحدت کی ضمانت ہے۔
محترم صدر!
اتحاد جس شکل میں بھی موجود ہو قابل تحسین تصور کیا جاتا ہے، جوقوم ملی اتحاد کی دولت سے مالا مال ہوتی ہے وہ ہر لحاظ سے خوش و خرم ہوتی ہے، اس کی فضاؤں میں آلودگی نہیں ہوتی ، اس کے کھلیانوں میں خش و خاشاک نہیں ہوتے، اس کے بحر گرد جہالت سے خالی ہوتے ہیں، اس کے افراد کی عروق مردہ نہیں ہوتیں، اس کے میدان ویران نہیں ہوتے، اس کے ہسپتال آباد نہیں ہوتے۔
محترم صدر!
اتحاد جس قوم میں بھی ہو وہ دیگر اقوام میں ممتاز ہوتی ہے، اس کے وجود میں حسن اور نکھار پیدا ہو جاتا ہے۔ چند اینٹیں متحد ہو جائیں تو ایک مکان تعمیر کر دیتی ہیں، ایک عمارت بنا دیتی ہیں، ایک دیوار کھڑی کر کے بے پردہ گھر کو با پردہ بنادیتی ہیں، چند قطرے اکٹھے ہو جائیں تو ایک بحیرہ اور پھر بحر کی شکل اختیار کر لیتے ہیں، چند ذرّے اکٹھے اور متحد ہو جائیں تو ریگستان وجود میں آتا ہے۔
صدرِ ذی وقار!
اسلام میں اتحاد پر بہت زور دیا گیا ہے، حدیث نبویؐ ہے مسلمان مسلمان کا بھائی ہے، مسلمان مسلمان کو کبھی گالی نہیں دیتا، مسلمان مسلمان کو برا بھلا نہیں کہتا، اسلام کے زیور سے مرصعّ شخص معاشرے...

نکاح اور پاکستانی معاشرے میں شادی بیاہ کے مروجہ رسوم کا تحقیقی وتنقیدی جائزہ

The enlightened and moderated teachings of Islam empowered every one of the human society, specially the woman who used to be much oppressed in all civilizations of the world before emergence of Islam. Islam gave them an elevated status in all over the world in the status of mother, sisters, daughter and wife. It declared null and void the ignorance rules against them and, prohibited their sexual exploitation. Moreover, Islam gave a regular system of nikkah and marriages for women. The holy Prophet peace be upon him declared nikkah and marriage as his Sunnah and kept its procedure very simple. Furthermore,  he described marriage as a gigantic source of achieving chastity, but today in Pakistan the marriages have been made very complex and costly because of the   unIslamic customs and traditions. Those unIslamic customs became the part and parcel of the Pakistani marriages which not only made nikkah and marriage a difficult task but also devastated the economic, social and the religious life of Muslims. The Pakistani marriages are conducted with such customs of Mehndi, big congregations: Bharat, beating drums and singing songs. The article briefly discusses status of mirages in the pre Islamic era, Islamic concept and importance of nikkah and the new customs practiced in Pakistani marriages and their economic, social and religious impacts by best use of old and new resources.  

Social Media and Political Communication: Usage of Facebook and Twitter by the Political Actors of Pakistan and Analysis of Audience Reaction

The advent of social media has opened a multitude of horizons for political actors and their audiences. Social media tools, such as Twitter and Facebook, are considered to be extremely effective means of propagating self-promotion, thereby enabling the political actors to timely inform the audiences about their political activities and views. Most political actors actively use social media to develop their public relations and project and promote their political ideology and preferences. The purpose of this study was to understand the behaviour of political actors of Pakistan in terms of their usage of social media tools like Facebook and Twitter. The theoretical framework of this study was knit around strategic political communication and political public relations. In addition to this reputation management framework and relationship cultivation framework were also incorporated to explore the strategic communication of political actors. For this purpose, the survey was conducted among the political actors who were the members of provincial assemblies (MPAs) and National assembly (MNAs) in the last democratic regime i.e. 2013-2018. The total number of the respondents of survey was 247 out of which 207 were MPAs and 40 were MNAs. The purpose of the survey was to gather information about the purpose of using Facebook and Twitter and the quality of relationship they were cultivating with the audiences. Three different variables of quality: trust, satisfaction and responsiveness were selected from the work of Hon and Gruing (1999) and applied to this study. The content analysis of Facebook pages and Twitter accounts of 34 MNAs was also conducted to evaluate the purpose of using Facebook and Twitter, image building and language used in posts. In addition to this, results of survey of MNAs and content analysis were also compared to see if there was any consistency between the perceived purposes stated by the political actors in the survey vis-à-vis the actual purposes depicted xvii in their shared content. The variable of credibility from the work of Kiousis, Mitrook, Wu & Seltzer (2006) was also studied to explore the reputation management strategy of the political actors. Based on the findings, it was concluded that most of the political actors were using Facebook and Twitter to propagate their own political agendas. They were also sharing personal content to cultivate their relationship with the masses and manage their reputation. Nonetheless, in this process they might be ignoring the quality and strength of the relationships. In terms of audience engagement, it was found that the political actors were generating different audience engagement on Facebook and Twitter with reference to purpose, language, nature and image building. It can also be inferred that the political actors were enjoying more credibility on Facebook as compared to Twitter as they were facing discouraging and abusive comments more on Twitter.