چاک سے اُتری خاک
ابھی آنکھوں کے دریچے کم سن اور عقل کے جگنوئوں کی روشنی مدھم تھی ،جب دل کی تاریک گلیوں سے یہ خیال اکثر کسی انجان مسافرکی طرح گزرتا کہ یہ بھٹکے ہوئے لفظوں کے سوداگریونہی کہنہ کتابوں کا بوجھ اٹھائے پھرتے ہیں ۔ان کی سطریں طلسمی افسانوں کے سوا کچھ نہیں ۔ان کی باتیں فریب کی واضح دلیلوں کے سوا کچھ نہیں ۔بھلا لفظوں کے لمس سے کسے شفا ملی ہے ؟بھلا جملوں کی تپش سے کب پتھر پگھلے ہیں ؟مگر اک روز میں اداس شام کے غمزدہ حجرے میںجونؔ کے صحیفہ’’شاید‘‘ میں موجودغزل(نیا اک رشتہ پیدا کیوں کریں ہم) کے ابتدائی اشعار کی قرأت میں منہمک تھا تو مقدس پردوں میں لپٹی ، پہلی معصوم آیت نے مجھ پر کھلتے ہوئے گواہی دی’’یہ خدا کے چنیدہ لوگ ہیں‘‘۔
دوستی جو کبھی محبت کے مہکتے پھولوں کا جزیرہ ہوتی تھی ۔ا ب د لکش مگر آتشی سانپوں کا جنگل بن چکی ہے ۔میں چاہتا تو لفظوں کی بین کے زور پر منتروں سے جکڑی پٹاری میں انھیں قید کر سکتا تھا لیکن دانستاً ایسا نہیں کیا۔یہ یونہی چاہت کا ملاوٹی دودھ پی کرنیلی رگوں میں زہر اتارتے رہیں۔میں نہیں چاہتا تھا یہ سانپ جن کی مفادی آستینوں میں پل رہے ہیں وہ میرے چاکِ گریباںکو اور تار تار کریں ۔
میں اکثر سوچتا اگر خدا نے یہ جدید حرف گر(ن۔م راشدؔ ،مجید امجدؔ،میرؔا جی )نہ بھیجے ہوتے،تو میرے لیے بھٹکنا کتنا آسان تھا۔میرے بہت سے ژولیدہ خیالات اور کومل جذبات الفاظ کا پیراہن زیب تن کیے بنا غزل کی روایتی گلیوں میں سراسیمگی اوڑھے دربدر کی ٹھوکریں کھاتے یا پھر کسی روز دل و دماغ کی کسی کنج میں لاوارث لاش کی طرح پائے جاتے۔
Liver plays an important role in lipid metabolism and any acute or chronic malfunction of the liver due to viral hepatitis or liver cirrhosis may induce lipid derangements Objective: To determine the patterns of deranged lipid profiles in patients of chronic hepatitis C Methods: It is a prospective, observational study, conducted at Medicine Department, Mayo Hospital Lahore for 6 months i.e.1stJanuary to 30th June 2018. After the ethical approval, 160 diagnosed cases of chronic hepatitis C of ages 18-70 years of either gender were selected by non-probability purposive sampling. Informed written consent was taken. Demographic information such as name, age and gender were recorded. Venous blood samples from patients after 10 to 14 hours of fasting were drawn for lipid profiles and sent to pathology laboratory. All results were expressed as mg/dl. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 22 Results: Out of 160 patients in this study, there were 94 males and 66 females. Total cholesterol was lower in 62.5% patients, normal in 33.75% patients and higher in 3.75% patients. Triglycerides levels were low in 66.25%, normal in 33.125%, and high in 0.625% patients. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were low in 82.5% patients, normal in 10% and raised in 7.5% patients. High density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were low in 95%, normal in 4.375% & high in 0.625% patients Conclusions: Low levels of serum lipids including total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL are seen in population suffering from chronic HCV infection.
Wheat genetic improvement for various economic traits is always a challenging objective for the breeders. It is very crucial to meet the wheat quality and quantity demands considering the continuously increase of population, constrains of land, water and global environmental change. Especially, in the most fastrising markets of China and South-Asia where improvement in kernel quality is becoming much more important than ever, mainly because of fast increase of income and food diversity. The conventional wheat quality traits also require to be evolved by the influx of new processing technologies with much more concern on health aspects. The incorporation of different disciplines like proteomics, functional genomics, genetic transformation, bioinformatics, breeding and utilization of novel genetic resources, is swiftly endorsing our understanding for biochemical and genetic basis of quality encoding wheat attributes. So present project was designed to investigate the existing gene pool in current cultivars of Pakistan and land races and also explore the genetic diversity in Ae. taushcii derived synthetics. The results of phenological characterization showed that land races and synthetics had great potential for yield components as compared to Pak cultivars. In case of land races, LLR-29 and LLR-30 were good candidate genotypes for yield improvement while regarding synthetics SH-1002, SH-23, SH-378, SH-12, SH-829 and SH-905 showed good results for yield characters. For the quality parameters LLR-29, LLR-32, SH-23, SH-423, SH-1002, SH-378, SH-400 and SH-956 performed good during the experiment as compared to existing cultivars of Pakistan. It was also observed that LLR-29, SH-1002, SH-378 and SH-23 had great potential for yield and quality improvements as these genotypes performed their best for both characters. HMW-GS composition and individual allele frequencies showed that in total, 15 x-type and 9 y-type subunits were observed, of which Glu-A1 had 3 x-type ,Glu-B1 had 6 x-type and 5-type subunits and Glu-D1 had 6x-type and 4 y-type subunits. The genetic variation assessed through Nei’s index was highest for Glu-Dt1 locus (0.83) followed by Glu-B1 (0.77) while lowest diversity was observed at Glu-A1 locus which was 0.64. Out of33 different combinations,highest combinations observed was null, 6+8, 2.1+10.5 followed by null, 6+8, 1.5+10 and2*, 6=8, 2+12 observed in6 (11.76 %), 5 (9.80 %) and 5 (9.80 %) in synthetic wheats. Maximum HMW-GS diversity was found in synthetic hexaploid wheats. For LMW-GS, six alleles were found at Glu-A3 locus and nine alleles were found at Glu-B3 locus. Frequently observed allele was Glu-A3c found in 41 (50.61 %) genotypes followed by Glu-A3d and Glu-A3b found in 19 (23.45 %) and 12 (14.81 %) genotypes, respectively while Glu-A3e was only found in 2 (2.46 %) genotypes and was least frequent. At Glu-B3 locus, maximum frequency was observed at Glu-B3h locus that was in 15 (18.51 %) genotypes which was followed by Glu-B3i found in 14 (17.28 %) accessions. While, minimum frequent allele was Glu-B3d, that was observed in only three genotypes (3.70 %). In genetic diversity study by SNPs genotyping, the 90 K SNPs chip had given 35,906 biallelic SNPs, out of which 26,905 SNPs were polymorphic. An average call rate of 97 percent was obtained across all SNPs. Two genotypes SH-551 and SH-843 showed maximum heterozygosity for AB alleles with the percentage of 21 percent and 18 percent, respectively, while their call rate was 91 percent and 95 percent, respectively. A call rate of 98-100 percent with 2-0 percent heterozygosity was observed in the rest of genotypes.