النورسي ومعالجته النقدية الايجابية البناءة للقضايا

From the very first day, the scholars of the Ummah, Particularly from the time of Im฀m Sh฀f฀ movements of Islamic thought originated, which affected not only the Arabic world but the whole Islamic world. There had been movements of severe revenge and bloodshed and a lot of people were killed. Im฀m Nawras฀ is one of those unique people who served the Islamic thought from such dangerous storms. Day and night he made selfless efforts. He criticized the falsehood and injustice. The period of Im฀m Nawras฀ was plagued with severe gales of argumentations. This became the cause of Invitational, reformative and renewing movement of Im฀m Nawras฀. It faced the western and European attacks which appeared after Industrial and ideological revolutions of Europe. Before starting the movement, he did deep study of current affairs, Islamic thought and history. He studied the reasons due to which chaos of Islamic thought began. It was necessary to study all the situations and to fight with the contemporary Atheistic thought and wipe out its effects. So this article discusses intellectual contributions of Im฀m Nawras฀. He is great in handling the critical situation, and his conservative positive criticism is excellent. He is one of those luckiest persons who survived and got a chance to serve humanity. He was unique in handling intellectual issues away from dialectical demagoguery. Im฀m Nawras฀ really worked great for Islam. His principles regarding intellectual positive criticism, his philosophical thoughts, his criticism on mystic issues are presented here in this article. It is important to study and analyze Nawras฀ ’s amazing ability and his critical positive approach and treatment of constructive issues away from the ego.

Indian Nuclear Diplomacy Post May 1998-A Discourse Analysis

Nuclear diplomacy has been an important and integral part of international non proliferation regime ever since the onset of nuclear age. It played significant role in consensus building under difficult circumstances to achieve near universal adherence of the regime. A recent attempt in consensus building has been seen in case of India which despite initiating nuclear arms race in South Asia by conducting overt nuclear tests in May 1998, managed to get a nuclear deal outside NPT framework. Initially there was strong criticism of this deal being a serious threat to NPR but was gradually accepted as pragmatic policy. This change in international nuclear behavior is unprecedented and can be attributed to variety of factors. The study recognizes that several aspects of international environment (e.g. rise of China as challenger to U.S.) worked favorably and predispose U.S. and her allies towards India. India used the concerns raised by international environment and constructed a discourse that looked sensible and even attractive. Analysis of this discourse reveals contradictions even misleading on the part of India. This thesis explores Indian nuclear diplomacy in post May 1998 employing Carla Willig method of conducting discourse analysis. The study focuses on Indian engagement process within the realm of nuclear diplomacy and deconstructs the discourse presented in public and private sphere within the context of Indian identity and its past record of engaging NPR. It looks into the Indian discursively construction of its self image as the promoter of peace and stability not only in the region but in the entire world. How India aligned itself with the modern liberal order employing its democratic credentials and civilisational passivity of non violence and achieved desired consensus. The study reveals that this discursive construction of self image goes on in a contrasting manner especially in the private sphere, where instead of focusing on India the emphases has been on misrepresenting Pakistan and its nuclear capability. This exercise of otherising Pakistan was intended to construct a self suiting criterion to legitimize Indian nuclear weapons program and seek nuclear cooperation outside NPT framework.