پروفیسر افغان اﷲ
یہ خبر افسوس ناک ہے کہ اردو کے ایک اور خدمت گزار پروفیسر افغان اﷲ خاں صاحب نے بھی اچانک آخرت کا رخت سفر باندھ لیا، ایک سمینار میں شرکت کے لیے انہوں نے دہلی کا سفر کیا تھا لیکن کیا خبر تھی کہ یہ اس دنیا کے آخری سفر کی تیاری تھی، سمینار کے پہلے روز وہ پورے نشاط کے ساتھ مختلف نشستوں میں شریک رہے، دوسرے روز دل میں درد اٹھا جس نے دنیا کے ہر دکھ سے ان کو نجات دے دی، وہ گورکھ پور یونیورسٹی کے شعبہ اردو کے صدر تھے، سکونت بھی اسی شہر میں تھی لیکن رہنے والے اصلاً وہ اعظم گڑھ کے ایک گاؤں خالص پور کے تھے شروع سے ذہین تھے، فراق گورکھ پوری پر جناب محمود الٰہی کے زیر نگرانی پی ایچ ڈی کی سند حاصل کی اور اس شان سے کہ موضوع پر یہ مقالہ خود سند بن گیا، کئی کتابیں سپرد قلم کیں، تاریخ ہند سے متعلق طراز ظہیری ان کی آخری تالیف تھی، باغ و بہار شخصیت کے مالک تھے، دارالمصنفین سے رشتہ اخلاص تھا، آخری بار وہ علامہ شبلی سمینار میں شرکت کی غرض سے یہاں آئے تھے، اتفاق ہے کہ مارچ کے معارف میں ان کا مضمون شائع ہوا، وہ ایک ہمدرد استاد، ہمدرد دوست اور ہمدرد انسان تھے، یو پی اردو اکیڈمی بھی ان کی سرگرمیوں کا مرکز تھی، گوشہ نشین اردو کے خادموں کی خدمت انہوں نے بے غرض ہو کر کی، صرف ۵۷ سال کی عمر میں ان کا اس طرح رخصت ہوجانا اردو کے لیے ہی نہیں، انسانیت اور شرافت کی دنیا کے لیے ایک بڑا حادثہ اور خسارہ ہے، خدا مغفرت فرمائے، آمین۔ ( عمیر الصدیق دریابادی ندوی ، اپریل ۲۰۰۸ء)
The purpose of this study was to describe the science process skills of students of PGMI FTIK IAIN Palu on the science laboratory of Asam Basa. This research is a descriptive study conducted at the PGMI Study Program in September to October 2019. The research subjects were students of semester 3 of PGMI in the academic year 2019/2020 who took 28 natural science courses. Data in the form of students' Science Process Skills were obtained from the student performance appraisal in the science practicum on acid-base material. The results showed that students' science process skills varied in each category. For the category of skills using tools and materials, the average percentage for the 2 indicators is 83.05% or very high. For the category of observation skills, the average percentage for the two indicators is 83% or very high. For the grouping / classification skills category, the average percentage for the 2 indicators is 79% or in the high category. Whereas for communication skills where in this category there are 3 indicators with an average indicator of 82.5 or very high. Overall by averaging the percentage of all indicators obtained the percentage for science process skills in science lab, wet acid material is 82%. This shows that the science process skills of PGMI students are very high.
Thesis Title: Customer Relationship Management in the banking sector of Pakistan Banking sector all over the world facing immense competition and Pakistani banking sector is not an exception. It is an acceptable fact that acquiring new customer is more costly than retaining the existing customer. The researcher followed the same fact and developed the basic purpose of this research study, that is to discover the major factors that affect customer loyalty, which is a focus of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) for overcoming high competition in the banking sector of Pakistan. Although there are many aspects of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in the banking sector, this research study focuses on its customer part. Understanding customers is the key to success of any bank. Banks having an in-depth understanding of their customers develop a better competitive edge over their competitors. The major focus of CRM is to not only to acquire new customers but also to retain the existing ones. This research study will help banks to build customer loyalty. Every bank tries its best to acquire and retain their customers but due to increased competition and rapid improvements in technology, customers have quick access to thousands and thousands of products and services. The researcher collected data from customers of banks with the help of questionnaire and for doing demographic, correlation, and regression analysis used SPSS software version 16.00. After detailed analysis and discussions, results of this research study indicate that identified factors do affect customer loyalty and their relationships with each other vary from bank to bank. These identified variations can help banks to overcome their existing weaknesses to develop better customer loyalty strategies. The researcher identified factors of trust, perceived value, satisfaction, switching barriers, and culture that affect customer loyalty. After measuring relationships of these factors with each other, researcher responded to this research study`s questions and hypotheses and developed a customer loyalty model for the banking sector of Pakistan for the mutual benefits of customers and banks. Furthermore, this research study`s findings and recommendations contributes towards improvement in existing customer loyalty strategies of banks. The researcher would also like to mention here that there is hardly any research study in Pakistan that has seen the affects of customer culture and customer trust on customer loyalty as the results of this research study indicate that these factors affect customer loyalty in the banking sector of Pakistan.