تصور معذوریت قرآن و سنت کی روشنی میں

The action code of Islam is impartial and strong. All human beings, disabled and abled have the right of gaining justice and bound to giving justice. Because of disableness impartial behavior is against the Islamic justice code. The “good behavior” with disabled persons is the basic law of disableness in Islam. The “good behavior” with disabled persons in Islam is not the result of mercy and pity but is the result of that right of taking equal to the life of common people which is due to the nation and community. Hence the rights of disabled persons are the result of those requirements which are created due to disableness. The meaning which we take conventional is “complete worthlessness” but it means in Islam weak and feeble. That is to say disable person is able to work but he has less ability. Or he has no ability to do one job but has the ability of high rank to do other jobs. The Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) introduced first time this principle of disableness. The Arabs mean the word “disableness” complete uselessness. But the Holy Quran exempted the persons from Jehad not taking part in Tabuk battle because of disableness giving them the name of feebles. Islam does not appeal for mercy with disabled persons but advised to behave well with them and condemns also the injustice of society with them. Islam orders to perform one’s duties to others. Islam not only stresses on the performance of duties but also gives instructions in this connection.

A Study of the Impact of the Mentoring Process on Primary Teachers Professional Development in District Lasbella, Balochistan

Teacher Education plays a vital role in the development of quality education and implementing the change process at classroom level. The Primary Education Directorate, Government of Balochistan, with the cooperation of the Aga Khan University, Institute for Educational Development has implemented the Primary Teacher Mentoring Program (PTMP) in eighteen districts of Balochistan. It is a new initiative in primary teacher education by the Government of Balochistan. This investigation is a qualitative case study focusing on the impact of the mentoring process on primary teachers' professional development in the District Lasbella, Balochistan. In this study the major sources for data collection were interviews, observations, informal talks, and documentation reviews. The obtained data has been analyzed and it has been found that the PTMP is a needs-oriented and indigenous model of mentoring process in which limited resources and contextual situation have been considered. It provides a built-in mechanism of on-going professional development support to the teachers. It is a cluster-based support, where 30-40 teachers of the cluster along with a mentor gather for two days in a month and discuss their classroom & school related teaching learning issues & concerns and sort them out. The mentoring process seems to have created a collaborative learning environment, which has reduced isolated teachers' culture, enhanced their content and pedagogical knowledge and developed teachers as reflective practitioners. Certain challenges are associated with the PTMP, which affect the performance of mentors and mentees and consequently impinge negatively upon overall achievement of the PTMP. These challenges are weak organizational / physical infrastructure & resource constraints, workload of Teaching Learning Resource Team (TLRT), weak feedback and monitoring system, limited school-based follow-up & support, non-cooperation of some district officials & headteachers, and rigid government rules and regulations. However, there are certain possibilities within the program design that may overcome some above-mentioned difficulties in near future. These are: (a) decentralization policy of the PTMP; (b) PED will be in a position to put more time and energy in the consolidation of the program in the year 2000; and (c) more PDTs may join the PED to enhance its institutional capacity building.