امام جلال الدین سیوطی كی تفسیر میں اشعار عرب سے استشہاد كا علمی جائزہ

Abstract: This paper describes that if we want to know about poetry we must understand that out of context we can never arrive at our destination. The Quran should be read and understood in totality of its message and spirit. Its verses are local and universal. Some verses are in local environments but leave universal and eternal message. The verses ofSura'h Yasin and Sura'h Najm related to poetry clearly exhibit the truth that God rejected the claim of the infidels who regarded the Quran as the book of poetry and Prophet Mohammad as a poet. The poets in general are not condemned in Sura Yasin. It is an apt reply to the infidels that the Quran is a message from God with a serious mission and motto. The Holy Prophet used to ask people to recite the holy poetry of Hazrat Abu Talib. Hassan bin Sabit used to recite "Naat" in the presence of the Prophet. Hazrat Ali was also a poet. They enhanced the divine mission of the prophets through their facile pen and noble spirit. Hence in the light of above brief dissertation, we can profess that Islam does not oppose poetry if it is written on didactic and divine lines.

Analytical Study of Ceramics: Surface Collection from Archaeological Sites of Kaghan Valley, Mansehra, Pakistan

The evidence provided by the analytical study of potsherds collected from various regions of the Kaghan Valley reveals that most of the potsherds have been produced from the local raw material. This makes a sense that there must have been some kiln(s) in the area. During the course of all the explorations conducted in the past years, no large scale production kiln has been found in the whole valley except some evidences in the Kanshian (a remote area of Balakot: the starting point of the valley from Mansehra side). The absence of large scale kiln in the whole interior of the Kaghan Valley gives the idea about the production of pottery that the residents of the different areas used to make pottery of their own in their homes with the hand-made pottery techniques (House-hold production or House-hold industry) and/or pottery was produced in the kilns (of Balakot and Garhi Habibullah) using the workshop industry or large-scale industry approach and then distributed in the whole valley. From the raw material to the activity distribution, the present study reveals that all the four approaches (House-hold production, House-hold industry, workshop industry and large-scale industry) are acceptable. In this archaeo-chemical and geo-archaeological study the primary question was, whether there is a common origin of pottery from different regions or it had been produced with the transfer of technology? Moreover, what kind of raw material(s) and technique(s), especially the firing temperatures and conditions, were used in the production of this pottery? Though, it is difficult to respond to investigations concerning complex incidents as migration putting together just with respect to the pottery information; full investigation of the issue requires broad research on different parts of life, for example, technology, dietary traditions, belief systems, anthropological divisions of the residents of the region, and so on, the capacity of building up the assumption, regardless of whether the kind of ceramics appeared in the region is imported or produced locally, adds a noteworthy and significant voice to the debate on the possible population changes in the region.