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Estimation of Covariance Matrix and Inference About Regression Coefficients and Autocorrelation in Heteroskedastic Regression Models

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Hashmi, Sharqa

Program

PhD

Institute

University of the Punjab

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Statistics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12383/1/Sharqa%20Hashmi%20statistics%202019%20uop%20lhr%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726092128

Similar


Beta Exponentiated Weibull distribution (BEWD) is an extension of the exponentiated Weibull distribution which involves two additional shape parameters. Interestingly, the additional parameters control the tails weights of the distribution and affect skewness and kurtosis of the distribution. The five-parameter BEWD is a generalized distribution in modelling lifetimes of various industrial products. Its density and hazard curves are widely heterogeneous in their shapes. Three subfamilies of the BEWD family emerge under three parameter subspaces with the property that the members of each subfamily display similar density curves. It is found that some members of the BEWD family in one of the parameter subspaces approximately behave like a normal distribution. BEWD assumes decreasing, increasing or a bathtub behaviour. Using a sample hazard curve, and so a prior understanding of restrictions on the BEWD parameters we find estimates of parameters for fitting BEWD. These estimates based on maximum likelihood are essentially more efficient than when no such knowledge about the sample hazard curve is used. Characterizations based on truncated moments and hazard rate function are obtained. Simulation study of BEWD is performed in both ways; without the knowledge of parametric conditions and using parametric constraints and compare the results. Real data applications of the proposed approach support the better fitting of BEWD than other models. A generalization of BEWD is introduced in which a transmuted parameter is added and its behaviour is studied, named as Transmuted Beta Exponentiated Weibull Distribution (TBEWD). Different mathematical properties including moments, characteristic function, skewness, kurtosis and mode are being discussed. The transmuted parameter affects the basic characteristics, shape of density function and other properties of BEWD. Characterizations of TBEWD based on truncated moments and hazard rate function are also derived. The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is used to estimate the model parameters. Simulation Study is performed to test the efficiency of MLEs. Various aspects of this distribution are explored in the context of its applications, which include its subfamilies displaying reasonable similarity with regard to their hazard curves. The parametric restrictions so discovered are found useful in fitting this distribution. A number of applications of TBEWD model are also given.
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اظہارِ تشکر

اظہارِ تشکر
اقرار مصطفیٰ
اللہ تبارک و تعالیٰ کے نہایت فضل و کرم اور نبیِ مکرمﷺ کے وسیلہ ٔ جمیلہ کے سبب نعتیہ مجموعہ’’ حسنِ کُن‘‘(مسدسِ مصطفیٰؐ)مسدس کی صورت میںمکمل ہوا۔ عہدِ رواں انتشار و خلفشار اور طرح طرح کے زوالی فتنوں کا عہد ہے۔ مسائل کی فراوانی اور وسائل کی کم یابی کے باعث ضروریات ِ حیات کو پورا کرنا وبالِ جان بن چکا ہے۔ ایسے میں خواہشات کی تکمیل کے لیے پر تولنا ، کم فہمی اور دیوانے کے خواب کے مترادف ہے۔مگر کچھ خواہشات ،ضروریات ِ حیات سے بھی بڑھ کے ہوتی ہیں کیوں کہ ان کا تعلق ایمان ومحبت سے جڑا ہوتا ہے اور اہلِ ایمان و محبت کا اعتقاد و یقین سے بھرپور او رمسلم نظریہ یہ ہے کہ تعلقِ خاطر خالصتاً نبی ِ آخرالزماں ﷺ سے ہو تو خواہشوں کی تکمیل کے خواب کو تعبیر میں ڈھلنے کے اسباب خود بہ خود پیدا ہوجاتے ہیں یا اسباب پیدا کر دیے جاتے ہیں۔ موجودہ نامساعد حالات کے پیشِ نظر ، مجھ ایسے کم مایا کا مجموعہ منصہ شہود پر آنا درحقیقت احمد رضاؒ خاں بریلوی کے اس شعر کے مصداق ہے:
کون دیتا ہے دینے کو منہ چاہیے
دینے والا ہے سچا ہمارا نبیؐ
عزیزانِ من! حُسنِ کُن‘‘مسدس کی ہئیت میں لکھا گیا ہے۔ اسمِ محمدﷺ اور اسمِ احمدﷺ کے اعداد کا مجموعہ 145بنتا ہے، اسی نسبت سے مسدس کے بندوں کی تعداد 145رکھی گئی ہے اور اسی وجہ کے پیشِ نظر اس میں خصوصی طور پہ یہ التزام ملحوظ رکھا گیا ہے کہ یہ موضوع ، موضوعِ نعت ہے اور یہ سراپا نعت ہی رہے۔
الحمد للہ!’’ حُسنِ کُن‘‘ (مسدسِ مصطفیٰؐ) حسنِ نعت سے مزین ہے۔ پھر بھی یہ بات اپنی جگہ صد فی صد درست ہے کہ:
حق تو یہ ہے کہ حق ادا نہ ہوا
خواہش اور دعا...

Stylistic and Semantic Incongruities in the Earliest Purported English Translation of the Qur’an by Alexander Ross

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