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Exponentiated Moment Exponential Distributions

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Hasnain, Syed Anwer

Program

PhD

Institute

National College of Business Administration and Economics

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Mathemaics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/943

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676726167116

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ام المومنین حضرت سودہؓ

ام المومنین حضرت سودہ ؓ
حضرت سودہ ؓ کے والد کا نام زمعہ اور والدہ کا نام شموس بنت قیس تھا ۔ آپ کے نانا قیس نبی پاکﷺ کے پردادا حضرت ہاشم کی بیوی ام سلمیٰ کے بھائی تھے ۔ ان کا تعلق مدینہ کے قبیلہ بنو نجار سے تھا ۔ حضرت سودہ ؓ کی پہلی شادی چچا زاد سکران بن عمرو(سقران) سے ہوئی ۔ حضرت خدیجہ ؓ کے انتقال کے بعد گھر کے انتظام کرنے میں تبدیلی آئی ۔ نگہداشت کرنے والا بچیوں کے لیے نہیں تھا ۔ دو چھوٹی بچیاں ام کلثوم اور حضرت فاطمہ ؓ تھیں ۔ حضرت خولہ ؓ نے خود کو آنحضرت ﷺ کی خدمت کے لیے مخصوص کر رکھا تھا ۔ انہوں نے ایک دن ادباََ درخواست کی کہ آپ شادی کر لیں ۔ آپ ﷺ نے فرمایا ! کس سے ؟ حضرت خولہ ؓ نے کہا ایک بیوہ سودہ بنت زمعہ اور ایک کنواری حضرت عائشہ ؓ بنت ابو بکر صدیق ؓ ہے ۔ آپ نے فرمایا ’’ دونوں کے لیے پیغام لے جائو ‘‘ ۔ بالآخر دونوں یکے بعد دیگرے آپ ﷺ کے عقد میں آئیں ۔
اعتراض نمبر۱۰۳
حضرت سودہ ؓ کو بوڑھی ہونے کے سبب آپ ﷺ نے طلاق دے دی ۔
جواب: عبدالدائم دائم ( سید الوریٰ ۔۳۔۳۷۸۔۳۷۷) فرماتے ہیں ’’ بعض کتب میں مذکور ہے کہ جان دو عالم ﷺ نے ان کو طلاق کہلا بھیجی ۔ حضرت سودہ ؓ کو حد سے زیادہ قلق ہوا اور وہ اس راہ پر بیٹھ گئیں جس سے آپ ﷺ حضرت عائشہ ؓ کے پاس آیا جایا کرتے تھے ۔ جب آپ نے جان دو عالم ﷺ کو دیکھا تو عرض کی ! میں آپ کو اس ذات کو واسطہ دیتی ہوں اور پوچھتی ہوں ، جس نے آپ پر کتاب اتاری اور اپنی...

The Politics of Energy Trade Between Iran and Pakistan

Pakistan and Iran are neighboring countries that have longstanding historical ties. However, there is little research available about Pakistan-Iran energy trade relations, especially with respect to the Iran-Pakistan gas pipeline. This research is based on primary data collected through qualitative interviews with key policymakers, academicians, and social activists, from Australia, India, Pakistan, and the United States. Based on the analysis of the data, this paper argues that there are risks involved for Pakistan in either honoring United States’ sanctions on Iran or bypassing them. In the former, Pakistan is incurring a huge cost in terms of delayed energy import from Iran while in the latter Pakistan, its officials, and its relevant organizations may face heavy sanctions by the United States. The study concludes that Pakistan must adopt a safer policy to pursue energy import from Iran while conducting good relations with both U.S. And Iran. The participation of India in the Iran-Pakistan energy project can increase the likelihood of its success.

Voting Behaviour in Pakistan: An Analysis of Partisan and Floating Voters in General Elections 2013 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

This academic work is focused on the dynamics of voting behaviour with a particular focus on partisan and floating voters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The voting behaviour of the voters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is constantly changing in each and every election. Questions arise that, why voting behaviour and preferences are frequently changing in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa? What are the main determinants of voting behaviour in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa? There is a considerable ratio of floating voters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa that change their loyalties in each election. The scarce literature on voting behaviour in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa did not explain the frequent changes in voting behaviour in general and partisan and floating voters in particular. This study explores the concept of floating voter in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and operationalized it on the basis of previous research work. A scientific method was used to compare the results of three general elections (2002, 2008 and 2013) in the selected constituencies for identification of partisans and floating voters. Party identification theory was operationalized for the partisan voters which justified the argument that party identification is one of the main determinants of voting behaviour in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study also figures out other determinants of voting behaviour in the 2013 such as the influence of the candidate personality, local and national issues, religion and social networks in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The „Issue Ownership Theory‟ and „Riding the Wave Theory‟ were operationalized to find out the issue voters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The socio-political and economic circumstances in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa encouraged the influence of personalities in the electoral politics. While this research work recognizes personality vote hypothesis and tested it through Five-Factor model (FFM) of personality, the role of religion in making the political behaviour of the voters was also much visible. The study identified that religion-based voting is an important determinant of voting behaviour in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The strong social structure in the Pakhtun society and social networks like family, relatives and friends have significant influence on the political affiliation and vote choices of the individuals. The scope of this research work is limited only to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa which was divided into Northern, Central and Southern geographical regions or zones. From each zone two national assembly constituencies were randomly selected and data was collected through a close ended questionnaire on the basis of probability sample. The study is primarily quantitative. For analysis inferential statistical tests that include Chi-Square test, Paired T-test and cross tabulation were used to check the relationship between two variables and test deviation of differences.