Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis of Some Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis of Some Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Manzoor Ahmad

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir

City

Muzaffarabad

Province

AJK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Mathemaics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13606/1/Manzoor_Ahmad_Maths_HSR_UAJK_Muzaffarabad_2016_20.09.2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726218339

Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.

Similar


Boundary layer flow in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids is encountered in many industrial processes. Particularly boundary layer flow over stretching surface is significant due to their practical applications in processes involving continuous pulling of sheet in textile and paper industries and in the manufacturing of polymer sheets, sheet glass and crystalline materials. Processes like paper production, wire drawing, crystal growth, drawing of plastic films, food processing, metal spinning process, cooling of metallic plate in a cooling bath etc. involves the phenomena of a continuous stretching sheet. In these processes the quality of final product is strongly dependent upon the temperature provided in the process. Therefore to discuss heat transfer characteristics of such boundary layer flows is also important. A literature survey reveals that a large number of research papers are available to discuss flow and heat transfer phenomena due to stretching sheet. This phenomenon is discussed both for two and three-dimensional boundary layer flows. The literature survey indicates that there is room for discussing the three dimensional boundary layer flows over an unsteady stretching surface. Motivated by the practical importance of such boundary layer flows we have discussed three-dimensional flows of viscous, Maxwell and Oldroyd-B fluids due to an unsteady bidirectional stretching sheet in the first half of this thesis. Furthermore, heat transfer analysis for these flows is also considered in the presence of heat source or sink. Some industrial and biological processes involve the flow situations when one fluid is flowing over another fluid having thin layer usually known as a lubrication layer. These have applications in living systems, such as flow pattern of red blood cells in narrow capillaries, liquid flow in the lungs, eye etc. and in the machinery components including fluid bearing and mechanical seals, coating, preparation of thin films and paintings. For the stretching flows with no-slip one has to deal with the nonlinear differential equations with linear boundary conditions. However, for the boundary layer flow over a lubricated surface one needs to solve nonlinear differential equations subject to nonlinear boundary conditions. These nonlinearities in boundary conditions make the system more complicated and analytic solutions are hard with the standard analytical methods. Furthermore, governing equations of non-Newtonian fluids have higher order then the available boundary conditions and in the stretching and stagnation point flows, the coefficient of the leading derivative vanishes at the starting point of the domain. Due to this fact the numerical solutions by a standard integration scheme is not possible. Researchers have adopted different methods to tackle such difficulties. In the second part of this thesis we have discussed the boundary layer flows of second and third grade fluids over a lubricated surface with a power law lubricant. For handling nonlinear boundary conditions we have used the combination of homotopy analysis and shooting methods. The literature is scarce for the flow of non-Newtonian fluids over a lubricated surface. This encourages us to consider flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluids over a lubricated surface. In view of the above mentioned discussion, the thesis is structured as follows. Chapters one covers the literature survey and laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. Boundary layer equations of second grade, third grade, Maxwell and Oldroyd-B fluids are also presented. Solution methodology via homotopy analysis method (HAM) and hybrid homotopy analysis method (HHAM) is also given in this chapter. Chapter two addresses the unsteady three-dimensional flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over an unsteady stretching surface in a porous medium. Fluid is electrically conducting and a constant magnetic field is applied in the transverse direction. Heat transfer through constant temperature (CT) and constant heat flux (CH) is also considered. Governing equations are simplified first by applying boundary layer approximations and then by a suitable similarity transformations. Analytical technique (HAM) is used to solve the nonlinear problems subject to linear boundary conditions. A comparison with the existing solutions is also presented for the special case. The leading results of this chapter are published in the journal “Thermal Science”. In chapter three, we have extended the analysis of chapter two for a Maxwell fluid. Boundary layer equations for the three-dimensional flow are used to discuss the flow and heat transfer phenomena. The results are discussed for the influence of pertinent parameters involved in the problem. The contents are accepted for publication in the “Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering”. Chapter four provides the three-dimensional flow and heat transfer of an Oldroyd-B fluid past an unsteady bidirectional stretching surface with constant temperature and constant heat flux. Boundary layer equations are developed for the three-dimensional flow. Similarity solutions are obtained using HAM and convergence of the series is discussed explicitly. The effects of emerging parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles are investigated through graphs and tabular data. Comparison of obtained and previously published work is found in excellent agreement. The results of this chapter are accepted for publication in “Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics”. Chapter five is prepared to examine the flow and heat transfer analysis of second grade fluid over a lubricated surface. The power law lubricant is assumed to have a thin layer of variable thickness. The interface conditions between second grade fluid and power law lubricant give rise to nonlinear slip condition which is imposed on the boundary. Solutions for this problem are developed using hybrid homotopy analysis method which combines the features of homotopy analysis and shooting methods. Residual errors are computed to validate the obtained solutions. Numerical values of local Nusselt number are examined. The part of the chapter including the flow phenomena is accepted for publication in “European International Journal of Sciences and Technology” while the heat transfer problem is published in “American Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer”. Chapter six extends the flow analysis of chapter five for a third grade fluid. The contents of this chapter are published in “Advances in Mechanical Engineering”. Magnetohydrodynamic Stagnation-point flow and heat transfer analysis of a third grade fluid over a lubricated surface is analyzed in chapter seven. Boundary layer equations for the two dimensional flow are solved subject to a nonlinear slip condition. The corresponding boundary value problems for flow and heat are solved using hybrid homotopy analysis method. Obtained results are validated by plotting residual error curves. The results are discussed for the variations of different parameters appearing in the problem. The work carried out for the flow phenomena is published in “AIP Advances” and the work related to heat transfer analysis is submitted for possible publication in “Journal of Mechanics”.
Loading...
Loading...

Similar Books

Loading...

Similar Chapters

Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...

حواشی و حوالہ جات

حواشی و حوالہ جات
(۱)مشمولہ سالنامہ’’ اظہار ‘‘(مرتب: نوید عاجز)۔پاک پتن:ادب قبیلہ -شمارہ نمبر۳- ۲۰۱۶ء -ص۲۸
(۲)مشمولہ’’شہرِغزل کے بعد‘‘(مرتبہ:محمدافتخارشفیع)۔ساہیوال: ادارہ صوتِ ہادی۔۲۰۱۰ئ۔ص۳۴۱
(۳)مشمولہ انتخاب’’ مجھے تیری ضرورت ہے‘‘(مرتب:نویدعاجز)۔ فیصل آباد:مثال پبلشرز۔۲۰۱۶ئ۔ص۶۱
(۴)مشمولہ’’شہرِغزل کے بعد‘‘(مرتبہ:محمدافتخارشفیع)۔ساہیوال: ادارہ صوتِ ہادی۔ ۲۰۱۰ئ۔ص۳۹
(۵)مشمولہ انتخاب’’ مجھے تیری ضرورت ہے‘‘(مرتب:نویدعاجز)۔ فیصل آباد:مثال پبلشرز۔ ۲۰۱۶ئ۔ص۵۷
(۶)۔یہاں پہلے یہ مصرع تھا جسے شاعرنے دوبارہ کہاہے۔
یہ بام و در تیرے کوچے کے جانتے ہیں کہ ہم
(۷)مشمولہ سالنامہ’’ اظہار ‘‘(مرتب: نوید عاجز)۔پاک پتن:ادب قبیلہ ۔شمارہ نمبر۴۔ ۲۰۱۷ئ۔ص ۳۴
(۸)۔شاعر نے پہلے یہ شعر ایسے کہا تھا:
اب ’عشق‘ کے دریا میں کہاں اتنی روانی
اب ’حسن‘ کے ہاتھوں میں کہاں کچے گھڑے ہیں
(۹)مشمولہ’’شہرِغزل کے بعد‘‘(مرتبہ:محمدافتخارشفیع)۔ساہیوال: ادارہ صوتِ ہادی۔۲۰۱۰ئ۔ص۳۳۹
(۱۰)مشمولہ انتخاب’’ مجھے تیری ضرورت ہے‘‘(مرتب:نویدعاجز)۔ فیصل آباد:مثال پبلشرز۔ ۲۰۱۶ئ۔ص ۵۴
(۱۱)۔اس غزل کا وزن ہے فاعلاتن فاعلاتن فاعلن/فاعلات۔مگر شاعر نے یہاں یہ مصرع باندھا تھا ۔
اس محبت نے تو آخر جان تیری مانگ لی
ایک رکن اضافی کی وجہ سے شاعر نے مصرع تبدیل کیا جو شاملِ متن ہے۔
تقطیع: اس محبت /نے تُ آخر/جان تیری/مانگ لی
فاعلاتن / فاعلاتن / فاعلاتن / فاعلن
(۱۲)مشمولہ انتخاب’’ مجھے تیری ضرورت ہے‘‘(مرتب:نویدعاجز)۔ فیصل آباد:مثال پبلشرز۔ ۲۰۱۶ئ۔ ص۵۶
(۱۳)مشمولہ انتخاب’’ مجھے تیری ضرورت ہے‘‘(مرتب:نویدعاجز)۔ فیصل آباد:مثال پبلشرز۔ ۲۰۱۶ئ۔ ص۶۰
(۱۴)مشمولہ ’’ماہنامہ بریلینٹ پاکپتن‘‘ (چیف ایڈیٹر:شاہد چشتی)۔ شمارہ۳۔ ۲۰۱۸ئ۔ص۲۲
(۱۵)مشمولہ’’شہرِغزل کے بعد‘‘(مرتبہ:محمدافتخارشفیع)۔ساہیوال: ادارہ صوتِ ہادی۔۲۰۱۰ئ۔ ص۳۴۰ مشمولہ سالنامہ’’ اظہار ‘‘(مرتب: نوید عاجز)۔پاک پتن:ادب قبیلہ ۔شمارہ نمبر۱۔۲۰۱۴ئ۔ص۲۲
(۱۶)مشمولہ انتخاب’’ مجھے تیری ضرورت ہے‘‘(مرتب:نویدعاجز)۔ فیصل آباد:مثال پبلشرز۔ ۲۰۱۶ء ۔ص۵۸
(۱۷)مشمولہ انتخاب’’ مجھے تیری ضرورت ہے‘‘(مرتب:نویدعاجز)۔ فیصل آباد:مثال پبلشرز۔ ۲۰۱۶ء ۔ ص۵۵
مشمولہ سالنامہ’’ اظہار ‘‘(مرتب: نوید عاجز)۔پاک پتن:ادب قبیلہ ۔شمارہ نمبر۱۔۲۰۱۴ئ۔ص۲۲
(۱۸)مشمولہ’’شہرِ فرید کے شاعر‘‘(مرتب: نوید عاجز)۔ لاہور:سجاد پبلی کیشنز۔۳ ۲۰۱ء ۔ ص۱۸۶
کتابیات
۱۔اشہد کریم الفت،ڈاکٹر۔’’جدید غزل ‘‘(ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ)۔بہار(کریم گنج):پرنٹ آرٹس ۔۲۰۰۷ء
۲۔انیس اشفاق،ڈاکٹر۔’’اردو غزل میں علامت نگاری‘‘۔اترپردیش:اکادمی اردو
۳۔اے۔ابی اشرف،ڈاکٹر۔’’کچھ نئے اور پرانے شاعر‘‘۔لاہور:سنگِ میل پبلی...

Digital Marketing Dalam Menghadapi Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, dan Ambiguity (VUCA)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi digital marketing industri halal pada Business Center (BC) Halal Network International Herba Penawar Alwahida Indonesia (HNI-HPAI) Pekanbaru 4 dalam menghadapi Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity dan Ambiguity (VUCA) di era society 5.0 dan untuk mengetahui tantangan yang ada di era si society 5.0 pada BC HNI-HPAI Pekanbaru 4. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Informan penelitian berjumlah 3 orang. Sumber penelitian yang digunakan adalah sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa strategi pemasaran digital yang dilakukan adalah menggunakan media whatsapp dan juga memanfaatkan beberapa media website dan aplikasi digital yang telah disediakan oleh HNI pusat dan unofficial, dan juga BC HNI Pekanbaru 4 mengandalkan para mitra-mitranya dalam pemasaran di media digital. Pada kondisi uncertainty, dalam mengumpulkan informasi BC menggunakan sosial media, dan melakukan edukasi. Pada kondisi kompleksitas, kesulitan yang di alami yaitu masih kekurangan pengelola khusus dibagian sosial media seperti facebook (fb), dan Instagram (ig). Sedangkan pada kondisi ambiguity, sasaran HNI adalah para generasi milenial yang sudah mahir menggunakan media digital. Adapun tantangan yang ada di era society 5.0 ini adalah harus siap dengan kehadiran teknologi, aktif dan mampu mengelola sosial media, inovasi produk, dan terus mengupgrade skill di era society 5.0.

Adaptive Wavelet Thresholding for Non- Homogeneous Noise Reduction in Mr Magnetic Resonance Images

Noise suppression in MR (Magnetic Resonance) images is a critical task; conventional signal processing techniques are not always suitable as spatial resolution may lose during noise suppression process. Therefore noise suppression ought to be performed in a manner so as to preserve the actual pattern of the image. Non-homogeneous noise is one of the challenges faced in image processing. This thesis work; specifically focuses on non-homogeneous noise suppression method for MR images. Wavelet Analysis has widely been used for image processing including image de-noising, edge detection and segmentation. The existing wavelet de-noising methods are focused on homogeneous noise removal, using same threshold for entire image. If the image contains different burst of random noise, these conventional methods are not sufficient for effective noise removal. The quality of the post-processed image is further affected if these noise patterns cover hard to find malignant areas, which possibly increases the false alarm for diagnostic imaging. In order to improve the early detection of possible malignant areas, the quality of the post-processed image requires effective de-noising techniques, which can be adapted with the nature of noise burst. The fuzzy rule based wavelet thresholding method has been explored in this research for effective noise removal from an image with an array of complexities. In order to develop a robust system closer to real image with non-homogeneous noise, a complex range of noise patterns have been incorporated in MR images. The initial phase of the dissertation work involves the synthesis of non-homogeneous noise on various MR images. Real MR images without noise burst were used as a benchmark. The de- noised images are compared with their clean counterparts for measuring the effectiveness of the technique. A novel image synthesis process has been developed for analyzing the image de- noising and segmentation. Some of the images contain various sizes of malignant patterns for full scale analysis of image de-noising and fuzzy image segmentation. The main focus of the analysis is the brain image, as it requires rigorous image assessments for an effective classification and detection of patterns. The second phase of the dissertation work expounds the wavelet thresholding for various sets of images. An in-depth investigation of fuzzy rule based optimizer for adapting the wavelet threshold for effective noise suppression has been examined. In this technique, the threshold is further optimized, based on number of criterion including; the intensity, location and size of the noise burst over the malignant patterns. Therefore the present technique improves the post processing diagnostic of images containing small pattern(s) hidden under noise bursts, which otherwise goes undetected. The third phase of the dissertation work studies the impact of non-homogeneous noise on the performance of fuzzy image clustering algorithm. Various results were analyzed for clean, noisy and de-noised images. The purpose here is to segment the malignant areas of noisy brain MRI for effective tumor detection. Fuzzy rule based optimizer plays an important role for adapting the wavelet threshold for the region of interest. The fuzzy information of image contours and noise burst transformed into crisp control decision signals for adapting the threshold. In addition, it was found that the noisy image with no tumor has a false possibility of detecting benign pattern as malignant area. Other research outcome includes the detection of patterns in an image with invisible noise bursts using Multi-resolution Analysis. The result of this course of action is obtained in the diagonal detail components of multi-level decomposition. The difficulties observed in the prevailing methodology include the limited set of research studies conducted to address the issue of non-homogeneous noise in MR Images and the limited accessibility of real images. A good source of validation is the comparison of the de- noised image with that of clean image. Impact of non-homogeneous noise has been explored using directional wavelet. This analysis demonstrates how adversely, different noise patterns affect the computational performance of curvelets and ridglet. The main outcomes of this technique include the impact of non- homogeneous noise on wavelet and curvelet based de-noising methods. An important attribute of this research, is improved methodology for malignant patterns detection in noisy MR Images. This, in turn, makes possible the better development of image diagnostic tools.