خودی نہ بیچ غریبی میں نام پیدا کر
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معززصدر ومیرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’خودی نہ بیچ غریبی میں نام پیدا کر‘‘
جنابِ صدر!
مجدی و سروری ہر ایک کی خواہش رہی ہے، ہر ایک نے اس کی تمنا کی ہے، ہر ایک نے اس کے شجر سایہ دار میں بیٹھنے کا عندیہ ظاہر کیا ہے، ہر ایک کے دل میں اس کی آواز نے انگڑائیاں لی ہیں ، یہ ایک ایسی تمنا ہے جس کے کئی متمنی نظر آتے ہیں، یہ خواہش قبر تک پیچھا کرتی ہے۔
صدرِ ذی وقار!
نام پیدا کرنا کوئی بڑی بات نہیں ہے، نا موری کے تاج کو اپنے سر پر سجا نا عظمت ہے معروف ہو نا قابل صد تحسین ہے، اس کو بنظر تحسین دیکھا جاتا ہے، اس تصور کے حامل افراد قابلِ قدر ہوتے ہیں، اس کی تمنا عظیم لوگوں کا شیوہ رہا ہے۔
محترم صدر!
وہ ناموری جوذلت کا باعث ہو ، وہ سروری جوتحقیر کا باعث ہو، وہ رفعت جس سے پاؤں کٹتے ہوں ، وہ اُولوالعزمی جس سے لمحات زیست ظلمت کدہ ہوں ، وہ ناخدائی جو آب میں غرق ہونے کا سبب بنے ، وہ عزت جو کسی کو ذلیل کر ے، اس سے کنارکشی ہی بہتر ہے۔
اے طائر لاہوتی اس رزق سے موت اچھی
جس رزق سے آتی ہو پرواز میں کوتاہی
صدرِذی وقار!
خود دار انسان معاشرے کے ماتھے کا جھومر ہوتا ہے، خوددار انسان کی نشست و برخاست معیاری ہوتی ہے۔ خوددار انسان کی گفت و شنید میں ایک تنوع ہوتا ہے، خوددار پر انسانیت ناز کرتی ہے، خوددارلوگ ملک وقوم کی ترقی میں ایک اہم کردار ادا کرتے ہیں ،...
This research article consist unique study regarding constitution of Human being character building in the thoughts of eminent philosopher Shah Wali Ullah (1703-1764). In present critique the focus has been made to explore how individual characters build in the specific environments? How surrounding effects on the character building? Moreover linkage of Islamic ‘IB└DA and its positive impact on the Muslim society has been explored. In interpretation of Shah Wali Ullah, All ‘IB└DA are like tools which lead to generate four basic ethics i.e purity and transparency capitulation, gainful and abstinence. These are the basic moral code which are the ultimate result of the four kind of ‘IB└DA i.e prayer, fasting, zakat and hajj. Muslim has inestimable inner power in the form of six lat┐’ef )اطلفئ, )which ultimately resulted upon the change of behavior. Character building are etiquettes, noble practices, decentness and good morality. It is generally refers to a code of conduct, that an individual group or society hold as authoritative in distinguishing right from wrong. Ethics are phenomenon values and can develop up to reasonable universal standards. Conduct in Islam governs all aspects of life and specifically addresses such principles as truthfulness, honesty, trust, sincerity, brotherhood and justice, while Islam forbid false, conspiracy, dodge, rude, irascibility, corruption. To materialize the virtues and disgrace the fake a role model prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) were deputed from Allah to guide the human being. So In present article character building in the theory of Shah Wali Ullah especially while in other Muslims scholars in general has diagnosed.
In the present research work, 665 plant specimens belonging to 247 species, 62 families of 27 different orders in 5 major classes of plant kingdom i.e. Mangolopsida (Dicot), Lilipopsida (Mononcot), Pinidae (Gymnosperms), Pteropsida and Bryopsida were collected from different parts of district Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Herbarium sheets with mounted and identified specimens of all the species were deposited in Dr Sultan Ahmad herbarium, GC University, Lahore after posting voucher numbers. The ethnobotanical knowledge on the use of local plants was collected from four hundred pertinent people belonging to all walks of life through their interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The plants were found in use by locals as food, feed, medicine, source of fuel and furniture wood, etc. The leaves of the plants were found most frequent in use for treating various ailments, as compared to whole plant or other parts of the plant. Tissue sampling and DNA barcode sequencing was carried out at NIBGE, Faisalabad and Canadian Centre of DNA Barcoding (CCDB), University of Guelph, Canada, respectively. At Family level, 61/62 (98.39%) families were found having at least one sequence of rbcl while no matK sequence in 6/27 (22.22%) orders and 13/62 (19.67%) families. But 49/61(80.33%) families were found to have both rbcl and matK sequences. A total of 1015 barcodes were sequenced, with 630/665 (94.73%) barcodes having rbcl sequences of 235/247 (95.14%) species representing 176 genera and 62 families while 385/665 (57.90%) matK sequences of 185/247 (74.90%) species from 146 genera and 49 families. The data analysis was accomplished on the basis of three criteria; PCR Amplification and Sequencing Success of rbcl and matK; Barcode Gap Analysis (Nearest Neighbor (NN) Analysis) and Neighbor Joining (N/J) Cluster Analysis. PCR and sequencing success were found very high for the rbcl region, i.e. 94.73% (630 / 665 specimens) while matK had the lowest overall rate of recovery, i.e. 57.9% (385 / 665 specimens). The matK showed the highest sequence quality for almost all the recovered samples. Barcode Gap Analysis revealed that 95.22% sequences of matK and 96.63 % of rbcl exhibited no intra-specific variation. The inter-specific divergence varied from 0.0% to 19.06% for rbcl while 0.0% to 4.12% for matK. Out of 105 congeneric species with rbcl sequences, 69/105 (65.71%) were identified while in congeneric species with matK sequences 54/71 species (73.24%) were successfully differentiated. In pair wise divergence across all the species (non-congeneric), both xiv matK and rbcl sequences showed clear boundaries between the 84.21% (96/114) and 70.45% (93/133) of the species, respectively. In Barcode Gap Analysis, matK showed more discriminatory power than rbcl. Among taxa, patterns of sequence divergence was visualized by means of Neighbor-Joining (NJ) cluster on MEGA6. In all three trees of rbcl, matK and rbcl+matK, assignment of families within their respective orders was 83.61% (51/61), 79.59% (39/49) and 83.67% (41/49), respectively. In all three trees of rbcl, matK and rbcl+matK, species were identified on the basis of “Bootstrap Threshold Value” and “Monophyly”. In neighbor trees (N/J) of rbcl, matK and rbcl + matK, the number of monophyletic families were 49/61(80.33%), 40/49 (81.63%) and 40/47 (85.11%), respectively. In neighbor joining (N/J) trees of rbcl, matK and rbcl + matK, the number of monophyletic families were 49/61(80.33%), 40/49 (81.63%) and 40/47 (85.11%), respectively. Therefore, on the basis of monophyletic recovery and node support, all three neighbor joining trees were found best resolved monophyletic trees having more than 80% monophyletic families.