Home > Formulation Development, Characterization and Evaluation of Individual Creams Containing Botanical Extracts of Acorus Calamus, Prunus Persica and Saussurea Lappa.
Formulation Development, Characterization and Evaluation of Individual Creams Containing Botanical Extracts of Acorus Calamus, Prunus Persica and Saussurea Lappa.
Antioxidant properties of plants extracts is a useful tool in the cosmetic creams used for improvement of various skin parameters. This study was aimed and designed to fabricate and stabilize the topical oil-in-water emulsion (cream) containing extracts of Acorus calamus (Sweet flag), Prunus persica (Peach) and Saussurea lappa (Kuth) with good antioxidant properties. Parallel to this the In-vitro characterization and In-vivo studies on healthy human volunteers were also aimed. Antioxidant activities of three plants extracts were determined and compared by DPPH (2, 2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Oil-inwater type emulsions of AC (Acorus calamus), PP (Prunus persica) and SL (Saussurea lappa) were developed by using a suitable combination of oily phase and aqueous phase loaded with botanical extracts [4% w/w (2mg/ml) each] and control without any extract. All these emulsions were kept at four different storage conditions i.e. 8 ºC, 25 ºC, 40 ºC and 40 oC + 75% RH for a period of three months to evaluate their stability characteristics as per stability studies guidelines. In-vitro characterization was based on investigation of the changes in the physical stability (color, liquefaction, pH, conductivity, centrifugation, viscosity and rheological parameters) in active formulations (AC, PP and SL) containing their respective extracts and control (C1, C2 and C3). Healthy male human volunteers were employed for In-vivo assessment of AC, PP and SL to evaluate their effects on human skin. Different skin parameters like Melanin, Erythema, Moisture Contents, Elasticity, Sebum and Surface Evaluation of Living Skin (SELS Parameters) related to skin aging were measured at specific time intervals for an investigational period of 12 weeks. The study was single blinded, controlled, split face with 3-groups having 13 volunteers each. Statistical tools of ANOVA test and paired sample t-test were used to evaluate the changes produced. Both the test emulsions i.e control and active formulations showed quite good: stability, pH, conductivity and rheology as desired for 3 months In-vitro study period. During In-vivo studies active formulations AC, PP and SL showed significant changes and respective control (C1, C2 and C3) showed an insignificant decrease in skin melanin, erythema content and sebum while there was an increase in skin hydration. Formulation AC, PP and SL showed significant effects on SELS i.e., SEr (skin roughness), SEsc (skin scaliness), SEsm (skin smoothness), SEw (skin wrinkles) parameters in comparison to control. There was a significant decrease in SELS of SEr (skin roughness), SEsc (skin scaliness), SEw (skin wrinkles) parameters while SEsm (Skin smoothness) showed a significant increase after topical application of AC, PP and SL in comparison to respective control (C1, C2, and C3). It can be concluded that Sweet flag, Peach and Kuth extracts should be used in topical formulations to get these good cosmetically desired results for human skin.
مولانا محمد عثمان افسوس ہے چند ماہ ہوئے مولانا محمد عثمان صاحب کا بھی اپنے وطن مالیگاؤں میں انتقال ہوگیا۔مولانا دارالعلوم دیوبند کے فارغ التحصیل تھے، استعداد پختہ تھی۔ یوں تو ان کومناسبت اوردلچسپی کم وبیش ہرفن سے تھی تاہم تفسیر اور حدیث ان کا خاص فن تھے۔ ایک عرصہ تک مالیگاؤں کے مختلف مدارس میں استاد رہے لیکن ان کی زندگی کاسب سے بڑااوراہم کارنامہ جوان کے لیے بقائے دوام کا ضامن ہے، مسلمان لڑکیوں کے لیے درس نظامی کاوہ عظیم الشان مدرسہ ہے جومالیگاؤں میں جامعۃ الصالحات کے نام سے معروف ومشہور ہے، اب تو لڑکیوں کے لیے بڑے بڑے عربی مدارس ادھراُدھر اوربھی کئی ایک ہوگئے اور ہوتے جارہے ہیں لیکن صوری اورمعنوی دونوں اعتبار سے جامعۃ الصالحات کو یک گونہ شرف فضیلت و تقدم حاصل ہے اوریہ سب کچھ نتیجہ ہے مولانا مرحوم کے اخلاص ومحبت،محنت ومشقت اور ذوق تعمیر وحسن انتظام کا۔ راقم نے کئی مرتبہ جامعہ کی دورۂ حدیث کی طالبات کاامتحان لیاہے اور ہرمرتبہ طالبات کے صحیح اور برمحل جوابات سے دل نے مسرت محسوس کی ہے۔ ان کو جامعۃ الصالحات سے عشق تھا، شب وروز اس کے کاموں میں مصروف رہتے تھے۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کوعلماوصلحا کا مقام جلیل عطافرمائے اورجامعۃ الصالحات کوکسی قسم کے شر اورضررسے محفوظ رکھے۔ [جولائی۱۹۸۴ء]
This article provides valuable information about the living conditions of Muslims of the Pak-Afghan Region in the context of revisiting Rudyard Kipling’s view of the Great Game of the 19th century between Great Britain and Russia that roughly continued for about a century beginning in the second decade of the 19th century to the signing of the Anglo Russian convention in 1907. In this respect his famous novel, Kim (1901) has been critically examined to establish the political content of his creative work. Coupled with the appreciation of the novel as a great work of art with its many facets and themes, views of Edward Said have been juxtaposed to arrive at a conclusion that the novel is also a celebration of imperialism. In today’s scenario in Central Asia particularly Afghanistan, a revisit of Kipling is an interesting revelation. The discussion also reveals the similarities of the tussle of two centuries back to the realities in the region today. This insight as we appreciate Kipling’s masterpiece novel proves even more eye-catching and real. This paper also examines Peter Hopkirk’s works on the Great Game to historically asses the dialectics of the imperial struggle between the two super powers of the time. In this connection, a brief discussion is available on the three Anglo-Afghan Wars as well as the conflict in Kashgharia. This article presents an overview of the view head by Russians on the conflict which they call Tournament of Shadows or Bolshya Igra involving spies and military personnel. A fresh look at Kipling’s works in general and his novel Kim, in particular, helps explore the very essentials of the working of Imperialism and empire-building, which is the main stay of this paper. A deeper look would understandably unfurl big powers rivalry in general, and the present day security situation in Asia in particular, by going through the works of a great writer; the first Englishman and the youngest recipient for Nobel Prize in Literature (1907).
All Praises to Allah and darood-o-Salam on Allah’s superior being Mohammed Ibn-e-Abdullah (SAWW), and his descendants and companions. This research work deals with one of branches of Quranic Sciences, i.e. Quranic connotations. The knowledge of Quranic connotations is quite important as it effects religious and contemporary legistation and one must not undermine Arabic semantics while translating the Holy Quran, consequently the miraculons aspect of the Holy Quran remains ambiguous and hidden. This study is consisted of an introduction and four chapters each having further sections and conclusion. Topic of my thesis is Quranic connotation and it’s demonstration in Urdu Tafaseer in Pakistan. This topic consists of Preamble, four chapters and conclusions. First Chapter gives us the dictionary and lexical meaning of Wajooh (connotations), and its importance as well as the step by step development of this science. Second chapter deals with the reasons that effects Quranic connotations as well as it’s relation with other sciences and standards to determine the meanings of connotations. Third Chapter deals directly with our topic. We give introduction of Tafaseer chosen, as well as the comparative study of Quranic explanations in Urdu regardingWajooh-ul- Quran. As far as chapter four is concerned its about the critical appreciation of Wajooh-ul-Quran in urduQuranic explanations in Pakistan as well as the rhetoric analysis in these explanations. The phenomenon of Quran’s rhetoric arts exists enormously in Arabic language. The study concluded that although we found these Quranic connotations in Urdu explanations, but it needs to be more precise in it. The conclusion included the research findings and the extent to which the objectives and aims have been achieved.