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Home > Genetic Transformation of Groundnut for Resistance to Tikka Disease

Genetic Transformation of Groundnut for Resistance to Tikka Disease

Thesis Info

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External Link

Author

Hassan, Mahmood Ul

Program

PhD

Institute

Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University

City

Rawalpindi

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Natural Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2679/1/2706S.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726315556

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Groundnut is grown worldwide as an important cash crop and its seeds are a major source of premium quality vegetable oil and protein. Yield loss up to 70 per cent has been reported due to reduced photosynthesis resulting from increase in necrotic leaf area and defoliation after severe attack of leaf spot disease. The best way to control this foliar disease is to grow resistant cultivars, but higher levels of resistance are not available in groundnut cultivars. Genetic transformation is the best alternative in such circumstances and availability of efficient regeneration and gene delivery systems is a prerequisite for this technique. Therefore during present study, regeneration protocols were standardized by culturing three explants of each of four commercial varieties on MS medium supplemented with different hormone combinations, subsequently followed by transformation of best responding variety with chitinase gene. 78.33 per cent cotyledonary explants responded to shoot induction with 5.14 shoots/explant in Golden variety on MS medium containing 0.1 mg/l NAA and 4 mg/l BAP. Roots were induced successfully (61.30 per cent) on MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/l NAA. Direct shoots were induced from 52.67 per cent leaf disc explants. Somatic embryos were obtained (98.33 per cent) from epicotyl explants on MS medium having 8mg/l picloram. 14.18per cent transformation efficiency through Agrobacterium, 6.88per cent by silicon carbide whisker and 6.59per cent by gene gun method has been achieved. This is first known report of Silicon carbide whisker mediated transformation in peanut in world. The transgene (RCG3) over expressed well and showed significant resistance to the Tikka disease. 12 In present study it has been proven that rice chitinase gene (RCG-3) confers strong resistance against leaf spot disease of peanut. The stable peanut lines produced will be helpful to evolve cultivars with built-in solution to control fungal diseases, specially the leaf spot. The standardized protocols of regeneration and transformation will be used for incorporation of other desirable genes in this crop.
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علامہ اقبال اور دیگر ادبی مشاہیر کی شاعری میں نعتیہ عناصر

علامہ اقبال اوردیگر ادبی مشاہیر کی شاعری میں نعتیہ عناصر

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علامہ محمد  اقبالؒ رسول کریم ﷺکی ذات سے ذہنی و قلبی وابستگی اور نعت نگاری میں معنویت و اثرانگیزی کے اعتبار سے دوسرے نعت گو شعرا سےمنفرد دکھائی دیتے ہیں۔کلامِ اقبال کا  بہت بڑا حصہ نعتیہ مفاہیم  کا حامل ہے۔اقبالؒ بظاہر روایتی نعت گو شاعر نہیں ہیں البتہ ان کا شعری ادب فکری و ذہنی تاثیر کے لحاظ سے بذاتِ خود نعت رسولﷺ ہے۔اقبالؒ سیرتِ طیبہ کا غائر  مطالعہ کرنے کے بعد اس نتیجے پر پہنچے تھے کہ حضورﷺ کی ذاتِ گرامی تمام کمالاتِ ظاہر و باطن اور حقیقت و مجاز کی جامع ہے۔اقبال ؒ اپنے اشعار کے ذریعے باور کراتے ہیں کہ اگر تم ذات مصطفیٰ ﷺ تک رسائی حاصل نہ کرسکے تو سمجھ لینا کہ تم دین سے...

The Life and Achievements of Hyder Bux Jatoi, With an Special Reference to His Social and Political Contributions

Comrade Hyder Bux Jatoi, also known as ‘Baba e Sindh’, was the most prominent leader of the farmer societies of pre-independence Pakistan. Although he was a bureaucrat turned into a farmer activist, but later he played a very important role in the social and political settings of the country at that time. Most of the Pakistani people remember him as a sign of change and renovation in the agricultural history of Pakistan. This was a great effort to credit the front-runners and their struggle; it is very prominent among the laborers and landless leaders of the world. He devoted his entire life to set peace up for the struggle of land ownership rights to dispossessed farmers, and highlighted the cause, to be noticed by the notables. The vision of Mr. Jatoi is still reflected in many situations when initiatives are taken by the various governments of the world to provide the masses with the basic requirements of development and peace.

اسالیب تقدیم المعنی فی القرآن

My research thesis is on Styles of Semantic Presentation in the Holy Quran. Basically, it discusses only those literary styles which play their role in conveying meanings to the reader or listener. Though it is a very vast field, my focus is on a few major styles. As implied by the title, the thesis discusses only those literary styles which play their role in conveying meanings to a common person. It does not creep into the depths of semantic branches of rhetoric rather it highlights those angles which are usually ignored by most of the scholars. I have divided this research in three major portions: The first part discusses the common styles of semantic presentation which come under lexical field. It generally deals with the individual entities. The language of the Holy Quran carries the best words to convey its Divine Message. It made modifications in existing words to suit it and also made innovations. The second part deals with the integrated complexion created by these individual entities when they are combined in special arrangements which is only the specialty of the language of the Holy Quran. It again made innovations in rhetoric styles to convey meanings in the best possible way. After reciting the Quranic text carefully we find it conveying its message through literary styles like figuration, personification and illustration. These styles help us to understand metaphysical and transcendental phenomena. The third part discusses the phonic part of the Quranic Language in conveying meanings. We find its phonic characteristics like rhythm, tone, strain, melody, tune, intensity etc. playing their role in conveying the Divine Guidance in the best possible way. We usually recite the Holy Quran for enhancing our reward for the life hereafter. If someone tries to get some guidance from it, he usually concentrates on canonical or ethical aspects. I have concluded from this research that it is far beyond that. It is the Devine Guidance but it is also a Linguistic Miracle a literary masterpiece of matchless sublimity. Through this study we can only get a glimpse of it, not the whole thing.