China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Case Study Of Internal Security Challenge Faced by Pakistan

The strongest and most crucial strategic and economic links in the south Asian region are the friendships between Pakistan and China. China and Pakistan assert that the people who live on either side of the Himalayas have interacted with one another in a trustworthy and sincere manner from ancient times. Chinese investment in the CPEC represents the greatest sum (62 billion dollars) ever between two friendly nations. China and Pakistan are dealing with numerous internal and external security challenges as a result of their strong friendship and significant investment in this project. Both nations, such as India and Afghanistan, are posing security problems to Pakistan, which has several security issues. The USA, India, the UK, and Israel are also causing strife and tension in Pakistan. These nations are also causing internal problems by sponsoring terrorist organizations like the Taliban and ISIS as well as nationalist organizations like the Baloch, the Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, and Sipah Muhammad. The challenges to Pakistan's internal security are discussed in this study.

Analysis of Δ0 1232 Production in P+12C and D+12C Collisions at 4. 2 Gev/C Per Nucleon

Analysis of Δ0(1232) Production in p+12C and d+12C Collisions at 4.2 GeV/c Per Nucleon Production and various properties of Δ0(1232) resonances in p+12C and d+12C collisions at a momentum of 4.2 GeV/c per nucleon were analyzed. The mass distributions of D0 (1232)'' s in both collision types were reconstructed by analyzing the experimental and background invariant mass distributions of proton and negative pion pairs with the help of angular criterion. The emission angle, rapidity, momentum, transverse momentum, and kinetic energy distributions of D0 (1232)'' s were reconstructed for both collision types and their mean values extracted. Analyzing the reconstructed transverse mass spectra of D0 (1232)'' s , the freeze-out temperatures of D0 (1232)'' s were estimated for both collision types. The parameters and various characteristics of Δ0(1232) resonances produced in p+12C and d+12C collisions at the same incident momentum per nucleon were compared with each other to get the valuable information about the role of the weakly bound neutrons of projectile deuterons in Δ0(1232) production. The spectral temperatures of D0 (1232)'' s produced in p+12C and d+12C interactions at 4.2 GeV/c per nucleon were extracted by analyzing the transverse momentum spectra of D0 (1232)'' s in the framework of Hagedorn Thermodynamic Model and compared with the corresponding temperatures of negative pions in p+12C and d+12C collisions.