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Home > Identification and in Silico Analysis of Genetic Polymorphisms in Gc & Vdr Genes in Vitamin D3 Deficient Pakistani Population

Identification and in Silico Analysis of Genetic Polymorphisms in Gc & Vdr Genes in Vitamin D3 Deficient Pakistani Population

Thesis Info

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Author

Shafiq, Hamid

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Sciences & Technology

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Molecular Medicine

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11538/1/Hamid%20Shafiq%20Biochemistry%202019.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726389810

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The sunshine vitamin is in the limelight for the last couple of years. Though Pakistan is located at favorable latitude and longitude yet vast majority of its people suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism and many other functions of body are influenced by vitamin D. Nuclear vitamin D receptor and group specific vitamin D binding proteins are two important proteins play role in vitamin D metabolism and encoded by VDR and GC genes. There could be many reasons but in this study six single nucleotide polymorphisms in GC, VDR and CYP2R1 genes were looked into for their possible association with vitamin D deficiency. Blood samples of four hundred subjects were collected. Vitamin D and parathyroid harmone levels were calculated by chemiluminescence method. DNA extraction was carried out by phenolchloroform method. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of DNA was carried out on agarose gel electrophoresis. Tetra amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction was performed to genotype rs7041, rs4588, rs2060793, rs2282679, rs3847987, and rs7974353. Genotypic and allelic frequencies with relative risk was calculated. In Silico protein modelling, docking and analysis of rs7041 was done. Overall 77.5% subjects were found to be with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. There were 35% from newborn to 20 years age group, 88.8% from 21-40 years and 95.8% from to 41-60 years.Significant negative correlation was observed between vitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels. rs 7041 belonging to GC genes showed T>G polymorphism. Major allele was T and minor allele was G. Minor allele “G” with genotype GG could be a risk allele contributing in vitamin D deficiency. rs7974353 belonging to VDR gene showed T>A polymorphism. Though “TT’ was in high frequency in VDD subjects compared to control yet insignificant association with VDD was noted. RR for both alleles and genotypes TA and AA was not significant with reference to homozygous wild type TT (0.6 for AT, 0.7 for AA). Results might had been xxi sigificant if thenumber of subjects were more. Rest of the four SNPs showed equal frequency in control and cases and hence showed no association with vitamin D deficiency. In silico model of SNP rs 7041 showed variation in the 3D structure of protein because of replacement of asparctic acid by glutamic acid. This can explain the cause of VDD / VDI due to poor docking of vitamin D with its binding protein. Conclusion is that rs7041 and possibly rs7974353 are contributing to VDD / VDI in studied group. Results are supported by In silico analysis of rs 7041.
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مواخات مدینہ

مواخات مدینہ
مکہ سے مسلمان مہاجرین ہر شے تج کر خالی ہاتھ مدینہ منورہ چلے آئے تھے۔لیکن ہر شے سے قیمتی اعلیٰ اور زندگی کا حاصل یعنی دین اسلام اپنے دامن میں سمیٹ لائے تھے۔ اس دولت بے پناہ کے ہوتے ہوئے انھیں کسی چیز کے چھوڑنے اور دوسروں کے قبضے میں چلے جانے کا دکھ تھا نہ غم۔ وہ اللہ کی اطاعت اور رسول کی پیروی میں سب وابستگیوں سے دور جا چکے تھے۔ بس رسول اللہ کا دامن مضبوطی سے تھامے ہوئے تھے۔
ان کے دامن سے ہو کے وابستہ
سب سے دامن چھڑا لیا ہم نے
بے سر وسامانی کے عالم میں آنحضرتؐ نے انصار و مہاجرین کے درمیان رشتہ اخوت قائم فرمایا۔ حضرت انسؓ کے مکان پر لوگوں کو جمع کر کے انصار سے فرمایا! یہ تمھارے بھائی ہیں ۔ پھر مہاجرین اور انصار میں سے ایک ایک شخص کو بلا کر آپؐ فرماتے گئے’’ یہ اور تم بھائی ہو‘‘۔ دو اجنبی بھائی بھائی بن گئے۔ ان میں سے چند کے نام حسب ذیل ہیں
۱۔ سید نا ابو بکر صدیق ؓ ، سید نا عمر فاروق ؓ
۲۔ سیدنا حمزہؓ کو سیدنا زید بن حارثہ ؓ
۳۔ سیدنا عثمان ؓ کو سید نا عبد الرحمن بن عوف
۴۔ سیدنا زبیر بن العوامؓ کو سیدنا عبداللہ بن مسعودؓ
۵۔ سیدنا عبیدہ بن الحارثؓ کو سیدنا بلال بن رباح
۶۔ سیدنا مصعب بن عمیر کو سیدنا سعد بن ابی وقاص
۷۔ سیدنا ابو عبیدہ بن الجراح کو سیدنا سالم مولا ابی حزیفہ
۸۔ سیدنا سعید بن زید کو سیدنا طلحہ بن عبیداللہ
۹۔سیدنا و مولانا محمد رسول ﷺکو سیدنا علی بن ابی طالب ۔ حضرت ابو بکرؓ کو خارجہ بن عرید، عمر کو عتبہ بن مالک اور زبیر کو سلمہ بن سلامہ کا بھائی بنایا۔
مواخات...

امام بخاریؒ کا صحیح بخاری میں مؤطا امام مالک پراعتماد؛ تجزياتى مطالعہ

In every period, hadith experts have contributed to the preservation of the Hadith. Imam Malik composed M’ūaṭa to safeguard the hadith, and Imam al-Bukhari afterwards turned to al-Mu'tah for assistance. The research methodology of this paper is an analytical study of the reliance of Imām Bukhārī on Al-M’ūaṭa Imam Mālik in Ṣaḥiḥ Bukhārī. In our article, we came to the conclusion that Imam Bukhari recounted a total of six hundred sixty-eight narrations from Imam Malik in his Sahih, of which six hundred four are scriptural narrations that he took from ten versions of Al- M’ūaṭa. As a result, these narrations make up more than ninety percent of all narrations. Contrasted with in his Sahih, Imam Muslim narrates three hundred eighty-nine narrations from Imam Malik, three hundred twelve of which are scriptural narrations that he has derived from eight of narrations of al M’ūaṭa's. These narrations so account for more than eighty percent of all narrations.

الہامی مذاہب میں مشترکہ اقدار قرآن کریم اور کتاب مقدس کے تناظر میں

Man is the voice vicegerent of ALLAH on the earth. The purpose of his creation is to worship the welfare of the creature. For this purpose, ALLAH sent prophets. The teachings of divine religions are revealed by ALLAH. Norms are the asset of life for the welfare of the nation. The prophets also impart the teachings to the followers of the divine that they should do for the wellbeing of humanity. They should spread the message of virtue and forbid evil. It was the mutual teaching of all the prophets. The purpose of this debate is the followers of divine religion should spread peace by abiding by the teachings of the prophets. This work consists of four chapters, findings/suggestions, and a list of rich bibliographies. Introductions, statements of problems, hypotheses, objectives of the research, review of literature, and survey of the previous work have been added in prefix. Chapter 1: It consists of the history of Jews, Christianity, and Islam, religious assets, and the life history of the prophets. Chapter 2: This chapter deals with mutual beliefs, social issues, and ethics. Chapter 3: In this chapter, the concept of worship, salvation, importance, purpose, and kind are mentioned. Chapter 4: It consists of a debate on the mutual laws of divine religion and the concept of reward and punishment. Each chapter is enclosed with references and descriptive notes on it.