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Impact of Various Lighting Sources and Regimens on the Production Performance of Broilers

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Ghuffar, Abdul

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Education

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2008

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Physics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/1166

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676726426474

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نولکھی کوٹھی

نولکھی کوٹھی

                ’’نولکھی کوٹھی‘‘علی اکبر ناطق کا ناول ہے۔یہ ناول تاریخ پہ لکھی گئی ایک کہانی ہے کیونکہ تاریخی کہانی ہے اس لیے اس ناول کے سارے کردار روایتی ہیں اور تقسیم ہند پر لکھے جانے والے بے شمار ناولوں میں یہ ممکن نہیں ہے کہ ان کے تاریخی واقعات کو بدلہ جا سکے۔ ناول میں مرکزی حیثیت ولیم کو حاصل ہے جو ایک انگریز ہے۔یہی اس ناول کی خاصیت ہے کہ ولیم جو کہ ایک انگریز ہے اور اپنی اس کوٹھی جس پہ اس ناول کا عنوان ہے’’نولکھی کوٹھی‘‘کا مقیم ہے۔ ہندوستانی کہلوانے اور اس سرزمین سے خود کو جوڑ کر رکھنے کی ان تھک کوشش کرتا رہتا ہے۔جس کیلئے وہ وہاں کے رہائشیوں کے لیے بھی بے شمار ایسی خدمات سر انجام دیتا رہتا ہے جن سے ان کی زندگی میں آسانیاں رہیں لیکن اس کی وطن سے محبت کو اس کی زمین کے لیے خدمت کو ہمیشہ شک کی نظر سے دیکھا جاتا ہے۔’’ولیم‘‘یہاں سرکاری افسر بھی تھا۔ اس کی شریک حیات جس کو بہت چاہتا ہے اور امید رکھتا ہے کہ وہ ہمیشہ اس کا ساتھ دے گی۔وہ بھی اس مشکل گھڑی میں اس کا ساتھ چھوڑ جاتی ہے اور ولیم اکیلا ہندوستان میں رہ جاتا ہے، بالآخر زندگی کی جنگ ہار جاتا ہے اوراپنی پہچان نہیں بنا پاتا۔علی اکبرناطق نو لکھی کوٹھی میں یوں رقمطراز ہیں :

’’آج میں پھر ان ٹھنڈی ہواؤں کا لطف لیتے ہوئے غیر ارادی طور پر اس طرف بڑھ رہا تھا جیسے ہی اس کوٹھی پر پہنچا وہاں اور ہی رنگ تھے۔مغلیوں کے بچے صحن میں اچھل کود کر رہے تھے۔ذرا غور کیا تو پتا چلا کہ وہاں کوئی اور ہی خاندان آباد ہے۔میں نے جائزہ  لینے کے لیے بھر پور نظر ماری لیکن مجھے ولیم نظر...

DESAIN DAN ANALISIS  PEKERJAAN DALAM  MANAJEMEN PERSONALIA

  Each work design also influences the employee's attitude towards the task at hand. In addition, job design determines work relations between employees, between employees and superiors, types of work, and socio-economic relations. Through design work is carried out changing the content, functions and relations of work that are able to complete in accordance with the target and boss satisfaction. Job design and analysis includes; authority of the office holder, routine implementation of duties, identity of the holder, and involvement of the incumbent. Job functions include; work methods used, work coordination, responsibility, information flow, and work authority. While employment relations include joint work activities between officials and all employees in one agency. Keywords: official management, design work, design

Investigation of Effective Parameters for Talc Recovery from Talc-Carbonate Schist of Swat Area by Flotation and Leaching

Talc is hydrated magnesium silicate with chemical formula Mg3Si4O10(OH)2. Pure talc is an extreme rarity and it is mostly associated with undesired minerals, in its natural form. This work is an endeavor to investigate the effective parameters for talc recovery from talc carbonate schist of Swat, Pakistan by flotation and leaching techniques. Detailed characterization of carbonatic talcose rock was first carried out followed by the beneficiation studies. Thorough, investigations were made to find grain size of talc in original rock, petrography, chemical composition, talc content in the original rock and the nature of associated mineral impurities. XRF spectrometer analysis revealed the chemical composition and presence of carbonate minerals, Quartz and muscovite as elemental impurities. Similarly, the existence of detrimental elements in the phases and talc content in the rock was determined through phase analysis using heavy media. Grinding optimization study indicated -45 microns as talc liberation size. This was a pre requisite to investigate and devise beneficiation techniques. Froth flotation and leaching techniques were used in the beneficiation studies to separate talc from associated impurities. Multiple tests were conducted at different parameters. Two step flotation using AF65 (Cyanamid) as frother, Sodium hexametaphosphate as depressant for carbonates, equal mixture of oleic acid and kerosene oil as collector gave encouraging results. It was found that talc can be separated as float at pH (6.0±0.2) in rougher flotation, frother dosage 0.10kg/ton, and in cleaning flotation at collector dosage of 1.2kg/ton. Talc concentrate at recovery of 60% with a grade of 92.50% from an ore containing 55-68% talc was obtained. The concentrate from flotation was further upgraded by leaching with acids to improve its whiteness. Mixture of HCl and SnCl2 as leaching agent was effective and gave better results. It reduced iron content from 3.05% in the concentrate to 2.51% in the final leached product and whiteness also improved up to 82% from 51% of original talcose rock. The process developed through this research would be utilized not only for the up gradation of low-grade talc of swat area emerald mines deposits, but also for the indigenous deposits of such nature anywhere in Pakistan.