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Infield Superconducting Transport Properties of Magnetic Nanostructures-Cutl-1223 Composites

Thesis Info

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Author

Rehman, M. Waqee-Ur-

Supervisor

Muhammad Mumtaz

Program

PhD

Institute

International Islamic University

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad.

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Physics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2801/1/Muhammad_Waqee_ur_Rehman_Qadri_Physics_2016_HSR_IIU_23.12.2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726453116

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(M) x -CuTl-1223; M = Ni, Co, CoFe 2 O 4 , Cr, Al 2 O 3 , nanoparticles-superconductor composites were synthesized by solid-state reaction (ceramic method) and their infield (magnetic) superconducting properties were investigated. Structural, morphological and compositional analysis of these composites were carried by using X-rays diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), respectively. The infield transport measurements were carried out by resistance versus temperature (RT) measurements with small current ( ˷ 10 μA) by using four-probe technique with the help of physical properties measurement system (PPMS). Broadening in superconducting transition region was observed with increasing the external applied magnetic field (H) in all the samples, which was attributed to thermally activated flux flow (TAFF). Flux pinning strength was calculated by using TAFF model. The field dependent flux flow activation energy {U o (H)} of CuTl-1223 superconducting matrix was increased with addition of ferri-magnetic (CoFe 2 O 4 ) and antiferromagnetic (Cr) nanoparticles up to certain optimum level of concentration. The transition width (ΔT) of CuTl-1223 phase was decreased after addition of these nanoparticles. The enhancement in U o (H) and reduction in ΔT show improvement in flux pinning ability of CuTl- 1223 matrix with addition of CoFe 2 O 4 and Cr nanoparticles. The flux pinning strength of CuTl- 1223 phase was decreased with addition of ferromagnetic (Ni and Co) and non-magnetic (Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles. It was observed that U o (H) decreases and ΔT increases with the addition of these nanoparticles. The suppression in U o (H) with increasing magnetic field obeys the power law (U o = β H - a ) . The value of ‘a’ corresponds to the suppression rate of U o (H) with H. The decrease in ‘a’ with the addition of Cr, Co, and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles showed that the decreasing rate of activation energy with increasing H is lowered with addition of these nanoparticles. Thus although the addition of Co and Al 2 O 3 in CuTl-1223 matrix decreases its flux pinning but their addition has lowered the suppression rate of U o (H) with H, which shows that the inclusion of these nanoparticles can make CuTl-1223 superconductor suitable for high field applications. In case of addition of CoFe 2 O 4 and Ni nanoparticles in CuTl-1223 superconductor, value of ‘a’ increases which indicates that lowering rate of activation energy increases with the rise in H. The transition width (ΔT) was increased with the rise in H, which shows TAFF takes place in the samples with small current. It was observed that broadening in ΔT with ‘H’ obeys a power law (ΔT = ΔT o + CH n ) where ΔT o is the transition width in absence of applied field.
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چاک دامان لیے، چاک گریبان لیے

چاک دامان لیے، چاک گریبان لیے
محفلِ قیس میں پہنچے ہیں یہ سامان لیے

آئے تھے دنیا میں ارمانوں کو پورا کرنے
جائیں گے یاں سے مگر لاکھوں ہی ارمان لیے

لوگ کہتے ہیں جو دیوانہ ہمیں، کہنے دو!
ہم بھی نازاں ہیں کہ زندہ ہیں یہ پہچان لیے

جب کسی سے بھی مرے درد کا درماں نہ ہوا
آ گئی موت مرے درد کا درمان لیے

موسمِ گل ہو خزاں ہو، کہ بہاریں تائبؔ
اپنی تو ذات میں ہم پھرتے ہیں زندان لیے

أثر أنظمة المعلومات التقنية في تعزيز فاعلية وكفاءة البيانات المحاسبية في البنوك الكويتية

هدفت الدراسة لمعرفة العوامل التقنية على فاعلية وكذل كفاءة البيانات المحاسبية في البنوك الكويتي وكيف تؤثر العوامل القانونية وكذلك الضوابط المهنية على فاعلية وكفاءة البيانات المحاسبية في البنوك الكويتية وكيف تؤثر العوامل الإدارية على فاعلية وكفاءة البيانات المحاسبية المحوسبة في البنوك الكويتية وكيف تؤثر العوامل الثقافية والاجتماعية على فاعلية وكفاءة البيانات المحاسبية في البنوك الكويتية وكيف تؤثر العوامل الاقتصادية على فاعلية وكفاءة البيانات المحاسبية في البنوك الكويتية، تكون مجتمع الدراسة من العاملين في الدوائر أو الأقسام التي تركز في أدائها لعملها على أنظمة البيانات المحاسبية في البنوك في الكويت وعددهم 120، اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وأسفرت النتائج بأن البيانات المحاسبية المحوسبة ذات فاعلية عالية مما يعني أن المصارف التجارية في الكويت تعمل على زيادة الاهتمام بنظم المعلومات من منطلق دورها الأساسي في زيادة فاعلية وكفاءة تلك النظم، وأوصت الدراسة بالعمل على توسيع دائرة الاستفادة من البيانات المحاسبية المصرفية لتشمل كافة الإدارات والأقسام والأنظمة الفرعية والربط بين فروع المصارف وتمكين عملائها من تحقيق أقصى درجات الاستفادة منها

Resolvability in Wheel Related Graphs and Nanostructures

Resolvability in graphs has appeared in numerous applications of graph theory, e.g. in pattern recognition, image processing, robot navigation in networks, computer sciences, combinatorial optimization, mastermind games, coin-weighing problems, etc. It is well known fact that computing the metric dimension for an arbitrary graph is an NP-complete problem. Therefore, a lot of research has been done in order to compute the metric dimension of several classes of graphs. Apart from calculating the metric dimension of graphs, it is natural to ask for the characterization of graph families with respect to the nature of their metric dimension. In this thesis, we study two important parameters of resolvability, namely the metric dimension and partition dimension. Partition dimension is a natural generalization of metric dimension as well as a standard graph decomposition problem where we require that distance code of each vertex in a partition set is distinct with respect to the other partition sets. The main objective of this thesis is to study the resolving properties of wheel related graphs, certain nanostructures and to characterize these classes of graphs with respect to the nature of their metric dimension. We prove that certain wheel related graphs and convex polytopes generated by wheel related graphs have unbounded metric dimension and an exact value of their metric dimension is determined in most of the cases. We also study the metric dimension and partition dimension of 2-dimensional lattices of certain nanotubes generated by the tiling of the plane and prove that these 2-dimensional lattices of nanotubes have discrepancies between their metric dimension and partition dimension. We also compute the exact value of metric dimension for an infinite class of generalized Petersen networks denoted by P(n; 3) by giving answer to an open problem raised by Imran et al. in 2014, which complete the study of metric dimension for the class of generalized Petersen networks P(n; 3).