شیخ الحدیث مولانا عبیداﷲ رحمانی
شیخ الحدیث مولانا ابوالحسن عبیداﷲ رحمانی ۵؍ جنوری کو رحلت فرماگئے، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔ ان کے نام سے میں بچپن ہی میں آشنا ہوگیا تھا، میرے والد مسلکاً اہل حدیث ہیں، وہ جریدۂ اہل حدیث (امرتسر) اور رسالہ محدث اور اس مسلک کے بعض دوسرے رسالوں کے خریدار تھے، محدث مولانا نذیر احمد رحمانیؒ کی ادارت میں دارالحدیث رحمانیہ دہلی سے شایع ہوتا تھا، اس میں فتاویٰ اور مضامین مولانا عبید اﷲ رحمانی کے بھی برابر چھپتے تھے، میں ۱۹۴۷ء میں پرائمری درجات میں پڑھتا تھا، اس وقت ’’محدث‘‘ میری سمجھ میں کیا آتا؟ تاہم اسے پڑھنے کی کوشش ضرور کرتا، ایک روز والد صاحب نے اسے الٹتے پلٹتے دیکھا تو فرمایا کہ ’’میں تمھیں اسی مدرسہ میں پڑھنے کے لیے بھیجوں گا جہاں سے ’’محدث‘‘ شایع ہوتا ہے‘‘۔ مگر افسوس
آں قدح بشکست و آں ساقی نماند
جس سال میں مدرستہ الاصلاح کے درجہ چہارم عربی میں پڑھتا تھا اس سال میرے درجہ میں ایک نئے طالب علم داخل ہوئے جن کی طرف ہمارے استاد مولانا اختر احسن اصلاحی مرحوم بڑا اعتنا کرتے تھے، جب یہ کسی تعطیل کے بعد اپنے گھر سے مدرسہ آتے تو مولانا ان کے والد کی خیریت ضرور دریافت فرماتے، اس سے ظاہر ہوتا تھا کہ وہ ان کا بڑا احترام کرتے تھے، اس کی وجہ سے میرے دل میں بھی ان کے والد کی عزت و عظمت کا نقش ثبت ہوگیا تھا۔ ہمارے یہ نئے رفیقِ درس مولانا عبدالرحمن مبارکپوری تھے اور ان کے والد محترم کا نام شیخ الحدیث مولانا عبید اﷲ رحمانی تھا جو خود بہت ممتاز عالم اور سیرت البخاری کے مصنف مولانا عبدالسلام مبارکپوریؒ کے صاحبزادے اور ترمذی شریف کی مشہور و مقبول شرح تحفۃ الاحوذی کے مصنف مولانا عبدالرحمن مبارکپوری نوراﷲ مرقدہٰ کے خاص تربیت یافتہ تھے، وکفیٰ...
The abundance of technology nowadays is contributing to the development of learning practices. This gives learners greater opportunity to find, access, and use resources to benefit learning. Open educational resources (OER) are one of the few educational developments that emerged with technology. While it is true that there are a lot of OERs available on the internet, it is unsure how many learners are aware of their existence. This research aimed to identify how many students are aware of OERs, where they use OERs, and whether the educational institution encourages OERs. The researchers surveyed several students within the University of the Philippines Open University. The survey included learner demographics, statistics on learners' awareness and usage of OERs, learners' OER access locations, and the challenges they encounter when using OERs. The survey showed that the learners, regardless of age, are aware of OERs. They mostly access videos, research, and journals on web pages and Wikis. They find the OERs accessible and relevant, but reliability and visibility are challenging.
We have investigated the dynamics of staged pinch plasma using different types of stability criterion with a view to suppress Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability. Fusion parameters in a staged pinch plasma device are estimated by considering double-gas puff as well as multicascade liner (N-multiple shells of finite thickness) system. First of all, the implosion dynamics of dense D-T fiber plasma driven by a double gas-puff z-pinch is examined in the presence of kinetic pressure. A modified snow-plow model has been used to describe the outer dynamics of imploding z-pinch plasma. We found that the inclusion of kinetic pressure introduces the usual plasma β-term. Our numerical results demonstrate that the fusion parameters can be achieved in a dense θ-pinch D-T fiber plasma for an optimum choice of density ratios of the test to driver gas at the interface position and the kinetic to magnetic pressure ratio. We expect that double gas- puff staged pinch device would be a more feasible approach to achieve fusion conditions with an enhanced stability. Since the shell thickness of the imploding plasma liner plays an important role in the stabilization of short-wavelength perturbations, causing R-T instability. First, we consider the implosion dynamics of a double-cascade configuration of two nested cylindrical shells with some initial radii and puff thicknesses that are imploded towards the axis under the action of J×B force. In order to achieve high density plasma at the final stage of collapse, D-T fiber plasma was seeded with high-Z Kr impurity so as to initiate radiative collapse. We choose different puff thickness so as to achieve stable implosion satisfying the criterion proposed by De Groot et al., [17]. Then we have also generalized the work by considering that the imploding z-pinch plasma is made up of discrete N-multiple shells of various thicknesses, radii and mass densities so as to reduce the total growth rate of R-T instability at the final stage of implosion. Our numerical results show that the plasma parameters of the D-T fiber sensitively depends upon the shell mass ratios and thicknesses. Large values of puff-thickness and mass-ratios provide stabilization against the R-T instability in the final stage of compression but adversely affects fusion conditions. For optimum values of puff-thicknesses and mass ratios, one can obtain fusion parameters of interest in a multicascade liner staged pinch device. In our zero- dimensional code, we have used typical parameters of Sandia National Laboratories for which the amplitude of discharge current was 10 MA, with a pulse duration of 50 nsec. We have also used sinusoidal type current profile. To make our model calculations more realistic, we have used current stepping technique, which uses the circuit coupled equation. In this technique, a single current step is added to the primary pinching current. We found that with current- stepping method, one can obtain very high density and high temperature plasma with relatively small values of driving current (kA) which are delivered in μsec time scale. Thus for optimum choice of scaling parameters, staged pinch device with current-stepping technique seemed to be a more feasible approach to achieve fusion conditions.