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Home > Isolation, Structure, Elucidation and Phytotoxicity of Allelochemials from Cocks Comb Celosia Ergentea .

Isolation, Structure, Elucidation and Phytotoxicity of Allelochemials from Cocks Comb Celosia Ergentea .

Thesis Info

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External Link

Author

Perveen, Shagufta

Program

PhD

Institute

Government College University

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13744/1/Shagufta_Perveen_Chem_2016_GCU%20faisalabad.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726561747

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Laboratory experiments were conducted to screen plants i.e. Celosia argentea, Celosia cristata, Mirabilis jalapa, Mangifera indica, Moringa oleifera, Ziziphus jujuba, Ziziphus mauritiana, Delonix regia, Morus alba, Albizia procera and Albizia lebbek, for their allelopathic potency on Lepidium sativum. Maximum inhibition (97%) to root elongation was observed at 10% concentration of Celosia argentea extract; however, Mangifera indica at 10% concentration totally inhibited the germination of seeds. On the basis of results of present studies and literature survey, Celosia argentea was selected for further study. Different concentrations of Celosia argentea parts i.e. roots, stem, leaves and flowers were compared for their; (a) allelopathic potential (b) total phenolic contents and (c) individual phenolic compounds through Mass Spectrometry (MS). Based on literature survey and present studies, leaves of Celosia argentea were selected for isolation, purification and identification of herbicidal compounds using bioassay guided isolation method. Solvent extraction method using different solvents and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) method using different solvent systems were optimized. Finally, two types of extraction methods i.e. aqueous and methanolic extractions were used. Aqueous and methanol extracts were partitioned with n-hexane, then with ethyl acetate and the remaining extracts were divided into two parts. One part of each extract was subjected to acid hydrolysis to release the phenolic compounds from sugar moieties and then extracted with ethyl acetate, while second part was lyophilized. All the organic solvents were evaporated and residues were dissolved in methanol to prepare 4000 ppm solutions and were used for bioassay study against Lepidium sativum. The highest inhibition of seed germination (100%) was caused by acid hydrolyzed and ethyl acetate fractions followed by lyophilized fraction. Fractions with inhibitory potency i.e. ethyl acetate, acid hydrolyzed and lyophilized fractions were used for analysis through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). More than 60 compounds including quercetin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin pentose glucuronide, gallic acid, gallic acid 4- O-glucoside, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde, pholoroglucinol, phloroglucinol glucoside, mcoumaric acid, catechol etc. were identified as allelopathic agents. Most inhibitory fractions i.e. ethyl acetate and acid hydrolyzed fractions of methanolic extract were further divided into five fractions through Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography. Different concentrations of five fractions that were obtained from this separation were subjected to bioassay study against Lepidium sativum. The active fractions i.e. F2 and F5 were further separated on Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography in order to purify individual compounds. Active compounds were then analyzed with LCMS and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). To our knowledge compounds such as 3,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, p-coumaric acid were first time identified as herbicidal compounds in Celosia argentea. In addition to this work, Mirabilis jalapa, Mangifera indica, Delonix regia, Morus alba and Moringa oleifera leaves were also subjected to bioassay guided isolation method and active fractions were analyzed for allelopathic compounds using HPLC and MS.
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33. Al-Ahzab/The Allied Factions

33. Al-Ahzab/The Allied Factions

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

33:01
a. O The Prophet!
b. Remain conscious of Allah - The One and Only God of everyone and everything, and
c. do not yield to pressures brought about by the disbelievers and the hypocrites.
d. Surely Allah is All-Knowing of what they say and what their motives are and All-Wise.

33:02
a. Instead, follow what is being revealed on to you from your Rabb - The Lord.
b. Surely Allah is All-Aware of whatever you do: your deeds, dealings, and motives.

33:03
a. And trust Allah.
b. And Allah is Sufficient for you as a Guardian - to look after your affairs.

33:04
a. Allah has not placed two hearts in any person’s body.
b. And just as HE has never made your wives - whom you declare to be as your mothers’ backs - your biological mothers,
c. And, so too, HE has never made your adopted sons to be your biological sons.
d. These are merely phrases you utter from your mouths,
e. whereas Allah Speaks the truth in this and all matters.
f. And thus HE Guides you along the way of truth.

33:05
a. As for your adopted children, address them by the names of their biological fathers.
b. That is more just in the Sight of Allah.
c. But if you do not know the names of their biological fathers, then they are your brethren in faith and your protégés - so observe the due relationship within that social framework.
d. However, you will not be blamed for...

دراسة تحقيقية حول حياة الإمام نوح بن أبي مريم الجامع جرحا وتعديلا

Al-Imam Nooh Ibne Abi Maryam Aljam'a is one of the well known worldly personality among the International Scholars of Science of Hadith. Unluckily, his positive personality (Ta'deel) in the Science of chain of Narrators (Ilm-e-Asmaur Rijal wa See'r) had been hidden from the sights of worldly known scholars since centuries. This research contribution is based on manuscript of Al-Istighna fee Asma el Mashooreen Bilkuna by Hafiz Ibne Abdul Bar Al-Qurtubi Al-Maliki (death: 460 hijri) found from Mufti Ilahi Bakhsh Library Kandhala India، despite of the Jarah of other scholars. The manuscript is written by Al-Hafiz Abi Abdullah Muhammad bin Abil Fatah Al-Ba'li Alhanbali (Teacher and Mentor of Al-Hafiz Al-Zahabi) (death: 709 hijri). This contribution tries to explore the personality of the great scholar as well as shower a spot light on the critic of scholars and highlight the reality of this Imam.

Response of Maize Zea Mays to Auxin Producing Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria under Saline Conditions

Soil salinity is one of the most widespread agricultural problems which reduce the field and crop productivity. Salinity disturbs the hormonal balance in plants which results in poor growth. Use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is considered an economical and environment-friendly approach to combat salinity stress. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of PGPR on the growth, antioxidant status, physiological parameters and mineral content of maize (Zea mays) in salt affected soils. Bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of maize growing under salt affected soil conditions. These strains were screened on the basis of auxin production and their ability to withstand salinity stress. Nineteen rhizobacterial strains producing auxin were further screened for their growth promoting activity under axenic conditions at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 15 dS m-1 salinity levels. Two strains were selected after this study and their ability of growth promotion in the presence and absence of L-TRP was tested alone and in combination under salt affected pot and field conditions. Results showed that soil salinity reduced the plant growth, physiological parameters, mineral nutrient uptake and yield of maize while antioxidant activity and proline concentration was increased. Inoculation with PGPR strains under saline soils alleviated the salinity effects on the antioxidant enzymes (APX and SOD), along with those on photosynthesis, mineral content and growth in the absence and presence of L-TRP application. Dual inoculation showed better results than sole inoculation. The results of the present study highlight the significance of PGPR strains to alleviate the adverse effects of salinity stress