شاہ سلیمان پھلواروی
ہندوستان کے مشہور پرانے عالم و واعظ و خطیب مولانا شاہ سلمان صاحب قادری چشتی پھلواروی نے جن کے نغموں نے ہمارے ملک کے پورے طول و عرض کو کم از کم نصف صدی تک پرشور رکھا تھا، وفات پائی، ۲۷؍صفر ۱۳۵۴ھ کی تاریخ جمعہ کے دن اور صبح ۷ بجے کا وقت تھا کہ یہ طوطیِ خوشنوا ہمیشہ کے لئے خاموش ہوگیا، پھلواری صوبہ بہار میں عظیم آباد پٹنہ سے ملحق ایک مردم خیز مشہور قصبہ ہے جہاں ڈیڑھ سو برس کے عرصہ میں بہت سے باکمال، اہل علم، علماء، صلحاء، مشایخ اور شعراء پیدا ہوئے، مرحوم بھی یہیں کے رہنے والے اور یہاں کے بزرگوں کے مستند و معتبر خانوادہ کے چشم و چراغ تھے، ستہتر، اٹھتر بر س کی عمر پائی، غالباً ۱۲۷۶ھ میں پیدا ہوئے۔
مرحوم کی جوانی کے عہد میں تین باکمالوں کے درس کی مسندیں ہندوستان میں بچھی تھیں، فرنگی محل لکھنؤ میں مولانا عبدالحئی صاحب، سہارنپور میں مولانا احمد علی صاحب اور دلّی میں مولانا سید نذیر حسین صاحب کی، شاہ صاحب مرحوم نے فیض کے ان تینوں سرچشموں سے فائدہ اٹھایا، پہلے فرنگی محل آئے اور یہاں سے فارغ ہوکر سہارنپور اور دہلی گئے، دلّی کے قیام کا زمانہ جس کو ان کی تعلیم کا آخری عہد کہنا چاہئے، ۱۲۹۷ھ مطابق ۱۸۸۰ء ہے۔
لکھنؤ کے قیام میں درسیات کو ختم کرنے کے بعد انہوں نے طب پڑھی اور اسی طبیب کی حیثیت سے انہوں نے دنیا میں اپنی زندگی کا آغاز کیا، چنانچہ شروع میں حکیم محمد سلیمان کہلائے اور اسی کا اثر تھا کہ شاعری میں جس کا چسکا ان کو بچپن سے تھا اور لکھنؤ کی صحبت میں جس کا چٹخارہ اور بڑھ گیا تھا، اپنا تخلص حاذقؔ رکھا تھا، وہ زیادہ تر اردو اور عربی میں کمتر فارسی میں شعر کہتے تھے،...
Rehabilitation forms an important tire in well operating health care systems. Within the areas as mentioned on the World Health Organisation factsheet about rehabilitation the therapeutic professions such as physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, prosthetists and orthotists and clinical psychologists play an important role. They do not only treat people’s conditions such as diseases, disorders, injuries or trauma, they furthermore promote good health and help to prevent diseases. This can significantly lead to better overall wellbeing of the population. To gain the best client outcome and support the health care system in an effective way, regulation is as important as interprofessional collaboration. Thus there is an intense need to highlight these two main aspects to ensure quality rehabilitation provided by therapeutic professionals.
This study tries to show the economic and strategic relations of Pakistan and Iran since 1947 when Pakistan came in world’s history. Keeping into consideration with the history of two countries since 1947, it focuses on their bilateral economic developments and strategic relations in the context of the regional security. This study is conducted on the basis of qualitative methodology and seeks to build the narrative and historical explanations about the relations between Pakistan and Iran. It collects and analyzes the primary and secondary data regarding them. The regional factors, which have mainly influenced them, are America, the former Soviet Union, Afghanistan, India and the Arab countries, especially Saudi Arabia. America is one of the important and influential factors for the international relations since the 20th century. Thus, this study also shows that the economic and strategic relations of Pakistan and Iran have been affected respectively on the basis of their own relations with America. Iran had been the mediator between Pakistan and America before 1979’s Iranian Islamic Revolution, while Pakistan has taken the Iran’s role between Iran and America since the incident. The Afghan problems have also been important to the relations between Pakistan and Iran, since the clashes of Pakistan and Iran’s national security and interests have been visualized over them. India and the Arab world have also been significant factors to the relations of Pakistan and Iran. The closer relations between Iran and India have been threat against Pakistan, just as those of Pakistan and the Arab does against Iran. This study shows the different phases of Pakistan and Iran’s economic and strategic relations affected by those diverse regional factors. The important phases of the Pakistan and Iran’s relations are considered after the outbreak of Iranian Islamic Revolution and the Soviet-Afghan war in 1979 and A Study of Pakistan and Iran’s Economic and Strategic Relations in the Context of Regional Security xxxix 9/11 of 2001 by this study. The relations between Pakistan and Iran have generally been concentrated not on economic cooperation but on the regional strategy for maintaining of security. Even though there have been continuous efforts by Pakistan and Iran to enhance their economic relations, the trade volume has generally decreased. This study tries to explain the economic and strategic relations of Pakistan and Iran on the basis of the correlations of American and the above-mentioned regional factors.