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Life Cycle Assessment of Marble Industry for Cleaner Production Technology As a Pollution Prevention Measure

Thesis Info

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Author

Shah, Wisal

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Peshawar

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Natural Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/7457/1/1%20Wisal%20shah%2013%20Oct%2c2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726582965

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This study was conducted in 13 districts of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa province where marble processing have been takes place. The main goal of this study was to seek possibilities for the introduction of Cleaner Production (CP) techniques in the marble industry and to handle the wastes in environment friendly manner. For this purpose Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique was used. A comprehensive audit of marble processing units (MPUs) was carried out. This includes analysis of the raw materials inputs and outputs in terms of final products and byproducts. Besides, on-site treatment facility of the wastewater and its recycling in the process was studied along with the slurry recovery. This was done with the idea to reuse the water inside the units with the recovery of marble slurry powder. Analysis of waste marble slurry was done to identify its composition for ensuring its utilization in the subsequent secondary products. The analyses include chemical composition, moisture content, specific gravity, fineness and water absorption. It was estimated that a MPU needed 25-50 tonnes/day of raw marble stone. Water for cooling was required @ 15.6 to 31.8m3/day, with the electricity requirement of 385.4 to 919.2 kWh/day. Production outputs were ranged from 18 to 40 tonnes/day and 14.72-30.74 m3/day in terms of marble tiles and wastewater discharge respectively. Marble slurry waste was tested for the preparation of valuable products such as cement, dish washing powder, high strength Glass Fiber Reinforce Mortar (GFRM) and lime. After recycling of marble slurry waste in the preparation of recycled products, the necessary experimental testing of these products was also performed to check the quality according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or international standards. Compressive and flexural strength of concrete and GFRM specimens after 28 days curing showed strength closest to control specimens and qualify the standard requirements for construction purposes. Dish washing powder prepared from 50% calcium carbonate marble slurry, 20% soda carbonate, 20% sulphonic acid and 10% soap stone shows excellent consumer‘s response in comparison of dish washing powder available in the market. Percent mean composition of lime prepared from marble slurry shows more purity index than the commercial grade. Life Cycle Impact Assessment results revealed that the wastewater of MPUs has got significant impacts on the physico-chemical characteristics of surface waters and soil. The waste produced from the marble processing can be converted into valuable products. It is therefore recommended that LCA along with Cleaner Production (CP) be made as an integral parts of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process in Pakistan.
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ڈاکٹر محمد مصطفےٰ زرقاء
گزشتہ دنوں عالم عرب کے ممتاز ماہر فقہ ڈاکٹر محمد مصطفےٰ زرقاء نے بھی اس جہاں فانی کو خیر باد کہا، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
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The golden Islamic history cannot be completed without the mention of Spain which was a bright star. It became one of the great Muslim civilizations; reaching its summit with the Umayyad caliphate of the tenth century. The heartland of Muslim rule was Southern Spain or Andulus. Different eras of Muslim rule in Andulus have been described in this research with an aim to highlight their apex and glory they achieved and then a focus on the reasons of their downfall as well. A brief introduction of the rulers in all eras with their major achievements and immersion in evil habits that led to their downfall has been the prime focus of this research. It gives us various glimpses from the course of history to reflect upon Muslim rule in Spain from a new perspective.

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