سوشل میڈیا اور اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان : ثقافتی مبارزہ،چیلنجزاور ممکنہ حل Social Media and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan: Clash of Civilizations, Challenges and Possible Solutions

This research explores the dynamic interaction between social media and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, revealing a complex culture war unfolding in the digital landscape. The study examines how social media platforms have become arenas of competition, where traditional Islamic values collide with the global influence of digital communication. By examining the ways in which social media have shaped and reflected Pakistani cultural identity, the research examines the tension between modernity and conservatism, as well as challenges to established social norms. Additionally, it analyzes the role of social media in promoting communication, political discourse, and diverse voices in the context of Pakistan's cultural landscape. By shedding light on this culture war, this research contributes to understanding the complex relationship between social media and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Keywords: Social media, Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Clash of Civilizations, digital communication, Islamic Culture.

Teaching Essay Writing Through Inquiry Based Learning to ESL Learners

Teaching Essay Writing Through Inquiry Based Learning to ESL Learners The present research investigates the effectiveness of using Inquiry Based Learning in teaching essay writing skills to ESL learners. 40 ESL learners were selected from two sections from International Islamic University Female Campus Islamabad, Pakistan and divided into two groups; control and experimental. The control group was taught essay writing skill through the traditional method; while the experimental group was taught through Inquiry Based Approach. The lesson plans were developed according to 5E Inquiry Based Model and administered to the experimental group. This research is quantitative and experimental in nature and as such follows a comparison between control and experimental groups using pre and post-tests. The other secondary research instruments are questionnaire based on five point likert scale and the reflective comments of the students to get feedback of experimental group at the end of the study. Pre and post-tests and questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS. However, students' reflective comments were analyzed qualitatively through content analysis. Results and interpretations of data proved the hypothesis and confirmed that Inquiry Based Approach is helpful in improving essay writing skills of ESL learners. This (approach was found more effective than traditional method of teaching writing skills as it enhanced learners' critical thinking skills and autonomy). On the basis of the findings some suggestions are presented to English language teachers of Pakistan to solve the problems of ESL learners of Pakistan in essay writing.