مولانا اسعداﷲ
اس حادثہ کے چند روز بعدہی مدرسۂ مظاہر العلوم سہارنپور کے ناظم مولانا اسعد اﷲ صاحب کے انتقال پُرملال کا واقعہ پیش آیا۔ میرا دیوبند میں طالب علمی کازمانہ تھا کہ مولانا کی شہرت کے چہرہ کاسبزہ آغاز تھا۔طلبا میں جہاں ان کے علمی اورتدریسی کمالات کاچرچا تھا وہ خاص طورپر اس کابھی تذکرہ کرتے کہ آزاد منش اس درجہ کے ہیں کہ کوٹ پتلون پہنتے ہیں اوراسی لباس میں درس دیتے ہیں۔ مجھ کوبھی ان کے دیکھنے کااشتیاق پیداہو ا، اتفاق سے انہی دنوں ایک دن وہ دیوبند آئے تواس شان سے کہ ہاتھ میں بندوق تھی، شکاری لباس یعنی کوٹ اور برجس زیب تن اورکارتوسوں کی ایک پیٹی حمائل۔ مفتی صاحب(مولانا عتیق الرحمن عثمانی) سے ہم سنی اورصاحبزادگی کے باعث خاص تعلق رکھتے تھے، ان سے بے تکلف ہوکربات چیت کی اورچلے گئے۔ اس کے بعد، مدرسۂ مظاہرالعلوم سہارنپور کاسالانہ جلسہ بہت شاندار ہوتا تھا، دیوبند اورسہارنپور کے اکابر اس میں جمع ہوتے اوران کے مواعظ ہوتے تھے، اس لیے میں اکثر ان جلسوں میں شریک ہوتا۔اس موقع پر اوریوں بھی جب کبھی سہارنپور جانا ہوتا مولاناسے ضرور ملتا۔ان سے مل کر بڑی خوشی ہوتی تھی، وہ عجیب وغریب جامع صفات انسان تھے، نہایت ذہین و طباع، اعلیٰ درجہ کے نغمہ گو شاعر، پرجوش خطیب، بلندپایہ مناظر، شروع میں منطق، فلسفہ اور عربی شعروادب ان کے خاص مضامین تھے، لیکن حضرت مولانا تھانوی سے بیعت کے بعد ان کی حالت یکسر منقلب ہوگئی تھی۔اب تفسیر وحدیث کے ساتھ اشتعال بڑھ گیا تھا اور اوراد و وظائف کے پابند ہوگئے تھے۔شوخی اور طراری کی جگہ سنجیدگی اور متانت نے لے لی تھی، پہلے شکار کے بڑے شوقین تھے اب ایک پیرجنید نظیر کی نظیر کیمیا اثر کے خوداسیر ہوگئے تھے۔ سہارنپور میں مولانا اسعداﷲ اوردیوبند میں مولانا بدرعالم ان دونوں کے حالات کم وبیش...
The political reality of many countries in the Muslim World is untenable and reforms and change is absolutely necessary. This article argues that use of force and violence for political change is making things worse as one can witness in Syria and Iraq. The article advances a Qur’ānic perspective on the desirability of peace as a goal and peaceful means as instruments of change. The article acknowledges that the Qur’ānic sanction for use of force to defend religious freedom prcludes the advocacy of pacifism but nevertheless the article does make a strong case for privileging peace over use of force.
The present study was aimed to extract, fractionate, isolate and standardize the chemical constituents from the plant, Quercus incana, in order to find out their phytochemical and pharmacological mode of action, so as to discover a new source for potentially active constituents used for the benefits of mankind. Quercus incana, which is a large evergreen tree belongs to family Fagaceae. The Fagaceae is a large plant family found in Asia, North America and Europe. Quercus incana has been used in different ailments such as diarrhea, neurosis, pyrexia, dysentery, pain, inflammation and burns healing in conventional medicines. It is also employed to treat gonorrhea and used as an astringent, diuretic, and various nervous disorders all over the world including Pakistan. In the present research work, the plant Quercus incana was explored for its chemical constituents using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques for potentially new and therapeutically active agents. The bark portion was selected for isolation, on the basis of preliminary pharmacological activities and its common use by the local people and Hakims and Tabibs in different ailments. Some activities were performed on fruit extract also. Crude extract of bark and fruit of Quercus incana and the new compound isolated from bark were screened for various in-vitro and in-vivo biological activities like antibacterial, anti oxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory etc, inorder to give scientific background to various ethnomedicinal applications of the plant which will lead to safe, therapeutic, effective and economical way of treatment of different diseases and to examine and analyze the chemical composition of the plant. For the isolation of pure secondary metabolites, the ethyl acetate fraction (obtained from crude methanolic extract of the bark) was subjected to column chromatography. The structures of purified compounds were elucidated by using various sophisticated spectroscopic techniques i.e, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, COSY, NOESY, DEPT, HSQC, HMBC, UV, IR and EI-MS. The plant was found to be a new source of six compounds such as, betulinic acid, 9-octadecanoic acid methyl ester(z-form), gallic acid, gallic ester, b-sitosterol glucoside, and quercitin. Three known compounds like β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, and lupeol were also isolated. Quercuschin, which was a completely new compound was discovered for the first time from this plant source. Results of in-vivo biological studies reveal that the plant possesses very good property of producing peripheral and central analgesia. The data obtained from different experiments supports the use of the plant in relieving fever, and treating inflammatory conditions. The different in-vitro activities of new compound were conclusive of the fact that the plant is a good natural antioxidant and can be used to treat various bacterial and fungal infections. The isolation work done on the plant (bark) of Quercus incana yielded 10 compounds. In these 10 compounds, 7 were reported for first time from this plant species : THESE WERE , betulinic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester(z-form), gallic acid, gallic ester, b-sitosterol glucoside,quercitin , and one compound NAMELY Quercuschin: was absolutely new and was never reported before from any source AND was discovered for the first time from this plant source. 3 compounds were KNOWN compounds: NAMELY β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, and lupeol, Findings of this research project, especially the biological activities of chemical constituents of the plant, strongly support the folkloric uses of the plant and its applications in traditional treatment. The isolated compounds strengthen these activities. However, further comprehensive research work on the crude extract as well as on isolated compounds is needed to explore and identify lead compounds of clinical effectiveness for the development of new drugs in order to strengthen the field of drug discovery.