ماں دی ممتا
پرانے زمانے دی گل اے کہ اک پنڈ دے لوک بہت ای ظالم سن۔ خاص طور تے اوہ پرندیاں دا شکار کردے۔ درختاں اتے چڑھ کے اوہناں دے آہلنیاںوچوں انڈے یاں بچے کڈھ لیندے سن۔ ایس پنڈ دے باہر اک بہت وڈا بوڑھ دا درخت سی۔ اوتھے اک طوطے نے آہلنا پایا۔ اک طوطا تے طوطی گلاں کردے نیں طوطا طوطی نوں آکھدا اے:
طوطیے من موتیے ایس نگری نہ جا
ایس نگری دے جٹ برے نیں پھائیاں لیندے پاء
اگوں طوطی جواب دیندی اے:
طوطیا من موتیا ٹاہلی میرے بچڑے لک ٹنوں ٹنوں
اوہناں دے دو چھوٹے بچے وی ہوندے نیں۔ طوطا آکھدا اے کہ میں پنڈ جاندا ہاں تاں جے بچیاں لئی کجھ کھاون لئی لے آواں۔ طوطی آکھدی اے۔
طوطیا من موتیا ٹاہلی میرے بچڑے لک ٹنوں ٹنوں
میں اپنے بچیاں نوں چھڈ کے نئیں جا سکدی جے میرے بچیاں نوں کجھ ہو گیا تاں میرا لک ٹٹ جاوے گا۔ میں مر جاواں گی۔ طوطا جان لگدا اے تے طوطی آکھدی اے۔ کہ توں ایس نگری نہ جا۔ ایس نگری دے لوک بہت برے نیں۔ اوہ تینوں قید کر لین گے تے جے تینوں کجھ ہو گیا تاں ساڈا کیہ بنے گا۔ طوطا ایہہ گل سن کے چپ کر کے بہہ جاندا اے۔ اوہ ٹاہلی تے بیٹھے ہوندے نیں تے جیہڑا وی مسافر ٹاہلی دے کولوں لنگھ دا اے۔ اوہ ایہو آکھدی اے۔
ٹاہلی میرے بچڑے لک ٹنوں ٹنوں
اک دن اک راہ گیر دھپ توں بچن لئی ٹاہلی تھلے بہہ جاندا اے۔ اوہدے کول روں ہوندا اے۔ طوطی روں ویکھ کے اوس نوں آکھدی اے۔
An Efforts to improve the morality of learners are always conducted in education. Educational institutions are morally obligated to increase personality development of their students. SDN Inpres Bumi Bahari Kec. Palu Barat through the implementation of school rules, intends to form the character of learners. This circumstance is the basis of this research. This research based on descriptive qualitative methods. The Source of data obtained from principals, teachers, and Learners. This research used varieties methods such as observation, interviews, and documentations in data collecting process. Furthermore, data that has been netted, analyzed using data reduction techniques, data display, and data verification. The results of the study concluded that the application of school rules can shape the behavior of learners to be a good personality. The behavior of learners is directed towards moral learner. The process of character building of learners finds some barriers because learners have a different understanding of school rules order. In addition, many students have a strong influence of the habits they bring from their homes, so they are not familiar with the rules set by their school.
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oilseed crop. In Pakistan, it is the third biggest source of edible oil. Every year Pakistan spends huge amount of its foreign reserves on import of edible oil and now Pakistan is the third largest importer of edible oilseeds in world after China and India. Our local production has decreased over the years and now our local edible oil production is only the 13% of our demand. To bridge the gap between supply and demand of edible oil in Pakistan, government has to focus on Sunflower crop. For increasing the sunflower production new and improved local sunflower hybrids should be developed. Information of Genetic diversity study is a prerequisite for designing any breeding program. In the first experiment genetic diversity among 109 sunflower lines was estimated at morphological, bio-chemical and molecular level. For morphological characterization 109 sunflower lines were evaluated during Spring-2015 and Spring-2016 at National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad following Augmented Design. The studied genotypes showed significant amount of variation on the basis of results obtained by cluster analysis and Principal component analysis. SDS-PAGE technique was used to study the variability among the sunflower genotypes at bio-chemical level. Genetic variability at molecular level was studied using SSR markers. Morphological and molecular based characterization showed considerable amount of genetic variation among the studied sunflower genotypes, while these genotypes showed less than 3% dis-similarity through SDS-PAGE based bio-chemical genetic study. The second experiment was for the identification of heterotic groups among the studied material. Heterotic groups were identified by combing the morphological and molecular data sets as, combining different data sets has been found useful in increasing the resolution of experiment. Two major clusters one of CMS and maintainer lines and other of restorer lines were observed. Six sub-groups in each major cluster were observed and one best performing genotype from each subgroup was selected. In third experiment, 12 parents (6 CMS and 6 Restorer) selected from heterotic groups was crossed in LxT mating design during autumn, 2016 to develop crosses and study the efficacy of identified heterotic groups and gene action. 36 crosses developed along with their parents and checks were sown in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) at two locations (NARC and URF) during spring-2017. Three best performing hybrids (RHP-41 x CMS-HAP-56, RHP-71 x CMS-HAP- 111, RHP-71 x CMS-HAP-12) were found to be best for seed yield and oil contents over three check hybrids and four best combining parents i.e., CMS-HAP-12, CMS-HAP-56, RHP-41 and RHP-71 were also identified. Results of our study showed that heterotic grouping among sunflower could be developed and strengthened on the basis of morphological and SSR markers to pace up the hybrid development in Sunflower.