قاضی سلیمان صاحب منصور پوری
وہ مشرقی فاضل جس کی موت پر آج ہم کو ماتم کرنا ہے وہ قاضی محمد سلمان منصور پوری سابق جج پٹیالہ اور سیرت کی مشہور کتاب ’’رحمۃ للعالمین‘‘ کے مصنف ہیں، وہ علم و عمل، زہد و کمال اور فضل و ورع دونوں کے جامع تھے، روشن دل اور دماغ تھے، ان کے جدید و قدیم دونوں خیالات حداعتدال پر تھے، عربی زبان اور علوم دین کے مبصر عالم تھے، توراۃ و انجیل پر فاضلانہ و ناقدانہ نگاہ رکھتے تھے، غیرمسلموں سے مناظرہ کے شائق تھے، مگر ان کے مناظرہ کا طرز سنجیدگی، متانت اور عالمانہ وقار کے ساتھ تھا، مسلکاً اہل حدیث تھے، مگر اماموں اور مجتہدوں کی دل سے عزت اور ان کی محنتوں اور جانفشانیوں کی پوری قدر کرتے تھے۔
وہ ندوۃ العلماء کے دیرینہ رکن تھے اور اسی وساطت سے ان سے تعارف حاصل ہوا، اور تعارف نے باہم انس و مودّت کی صورت پیدا کی، جب مل جاتے دیر تک ہم ذوقی کا لطف قائم رہتا، سیرۃ، جدید مناظرات و کلام اور محاسن اسلام کے مختلف پہلوؤں پر گفتگو رہتی، اور اس لطف میں تھوڑی دیر کے لئے ہر چیز فراموش ہوجاتی، چند سال ہوئے کہ دارالمصنفین بھی ان کے فیض قدوم سے منور ہوا تھا، بلند قامت، خوش رو، خوش لباس، وجیہ، گھنی داڑھی، سپید صافہ باندھا کرتے تھے۔
ان کی مستقل تصنیفات میں رحمۃ للعالمین، الجمال والکمال (تفسیر سورۂ یوسف) اور سفرنامۂ حجاز، یادگار ہیں، ان کے علاوہ چھوٹے بڑے بیسوں رسائل ان کے قلم سے نکلے، مگر سب سے زیادہ ’’رحمۃ للعالمین‘‘ نے قبولیت حاصل کی، اسلامی مدرسوں میں داخل ہوئی، کورسوں میں شامل ہوئی، لوگوں نے ذوق و شوق سے پڑھا، خدا رحمۃ للعالمین کے مصنف کو اپنی رحمت عالم سے نوازے۔
سات آٹھ برس ہوئے کہ وہ ایک دفعہ...
The very existence of theology was a prelude to the competition of philosophy and the support of religion. Other religions, for the sake of legitimacy of their religion, have been raising objections to Islam in all respects. The mixture of nations, non-Arab influences, the negligent rhetoric of scholars and shaykhs, and the erroneous beliefs and practices of the people were tarnishing the clean face of Islam. In the time of Ibn Taymiyyah, there was an emphasis on theology. Theologians specialize in their knowledge and art of rationalism and logic. Their method consisted of reasoning and inference, rational and logical proofs. In contrast to them, the Hanbalis were holding the line of reasoning from the apparent meaning of verses and hadiths and texts. In the case of debates and debates, the weight of the theologians would be heavy and the opponent would be considered ignorant. Ibn Taymiyyah paid homage to the authenticity and supremacy of the Qur'an and Sunnah in such a way that he made critical commentary and analysis on philosophy and Greek logic and reasoned weaknesses and errors. One-half or two-thirds of his total writing services on the subject of speech and logic. This shows that Ibn Taymiyyah was feeling the need of defending Islam in this regard because in his time these sciences and arts had become very popular and common practice. The far-reaching effects of his thoughts and opinions in this regard have been felt in every age. The issues in which he has differed are the result of his research, jurisprudence and ijtihad, and constant reflection. The basis and foundation of which is the Quran and Sunnah, the interaction of companions and speculation. In these Ijtihad issues of hiss, there is a collection of arguments and proofs related to the Quran and Sunnah. In this article, an introductory and analytical study of Ibn Taymiyyah's fundamental differences will be presented.
Liquid chromatography is a separation and purification process that has attracted attention due to its wide usage in biological, biochemical, fine chemicals, pharmaceutical and food processing industries. The task of this dissertation is focused on the theoretical study of linear and nonlinear liquid chromatographic processes in thermally insulated cylindrical columns packed with either fully-porous or core-shell particles and operating under either isothermal or non-isothermal conditions. Both non-reactive and reactive chromatographic processes are analyzed. In the latter case, separation and conversion of the reactants into products takes place concurrently. A two-dimensional general rate model (2D-GRM) in cylindrical coordinates is formulated to simulate these processes. For the simulation of linear chromatography, the finite Hankel and the Laplace transformations are applied one after another to obtain analytical solutions of the linear model equations for two different sets of boundary conditions. To further elaborate the process, the analytical temporal moments are obtained from the Hankel-Laplace domain solutions. These moments are very useful for analyzing the retention times, band broadenings and front asymmetries of elution profiles. The derived analytical solutions and moments are very useful for diluted or small volume samples. However, to simulate chromatographic process for concentrated or large volume samples, the numerical approximations of nonlinear model equations are needed. In this thesis project, a high-resolution finite volume scheme (HR-FVS) is extended and applied to solve the resulting 2D-model equations in cylindrical coordinates. Several case studies are conducted for a wide range of thermodynamic, kinetic and reaction coefficients. Furthermore, the coupling between concentration fronts and thermal waves are demonstrated through graphs and essential parameters influencing the column (or reactor) performance are pinpointed. A few consistency tests are also conducted for assessing the process performance. The solutions obtained are useful tools for analyzing, optimizing and upgrading the liquid chromatographic processes.