عشق کے نہ مسئلوں پہ بات کیجیے
آپ مجھ سے فلسفوں پہ بات کیجیے
واسطہ نہیں ہے اپنا نیند سے کوئی
ہو سکے تو رتجگوں پہ بات کیجیے
نام دوستوں کا بھی آئے گا چھوڑیے
چھوڑیے! نہ دشمنوں پہ بات کیجیے
ہر خوشی ہے عارضی سو اس لیے جناب
درد ہی کے سلسلوں پہ بات کیجیے
رہ کی مشکلوں سے ہمیں مت ڈرائیے
آپ سیدھا منزلوں پہ بات کیجیے
In the post-industrial revolution world, social change is often studied and understood in the context of change in means of production, mobility, urbanization and change in the constitution of workforce. Role of ethical values is generally confined to personal conduct and manners. Industrial society is supposed to have its own work ethics which may or may not agree with personal ethics and morality. Ethics and morality are generally considered, in the Western thought, as a social construct. Therefore, with the change in means of production or political system, values and morality are also expected to be re-adjusted in order to cope with the changed environment. Sometimes a totally new set of values emerges as a consequence of the change in economic, political, or legal set up. The present research tries to understand the meaning and place of these values in a global socio-cultural framework. Relying essentially on the divine principles of the Qur'ān it makes an effort to understand relevance of these universal and ultimate principles with human conduct and behavior in society. It indicates that essentially it is the core values, principles, or norms which guide human beings in their interpersonal, social, economic and political matters. Islam being a major civilizing force, culture, and the way of life, provides values which guide both in individual and social matters. The values given by the Qur’ān and the Sunnah are not monopoly of the Muslim. These values are universal and are relevant in a technological society.
Pakistan experienced profound and accelerating ecological changes resulting from rapid human population growth rate. But, the development syndrome that we are witnessing today, together with the current interest in sustainable development, food production systems and biodiversity conservation bring into focus the soil, which underpins all major developments. Soil processes are important for maintaining normal nutrients cycling in ecosystem including agro- ecosystem. Plant growth rate is dependent on the microbial immobilization and soil food web interaction to mineralize nutrients. In natural ecosystems, the process of immobilization and mineralization are tightly coupled to plant growth but in chemically disturbed systems like crop systems, this coupling may be lost or reduced. Nutrients may be no longer retained within the system. Measuring such disrupted systems of intensive chemical farming may allow determination of a problem long before the sustainability of the farming is altered and the natural production potential is lost leading humans at stake. By monitoring soil organism’s dynamics and detecting detrimental changes in soil profile, crop systems may be saved from further degradation. Thus the present study is aimed at knowing the effects of high input (with use of chemicals) farming on the soil macro-invertebrates among two of the major crops, sugarcane and wheat, in district Faisalabad. Soil samples were collected and soil macroinvertebrates were identified from both crops. Three microhabitats within each crop were sampled to know the effect of phytomorphic heterogeneity on the fauna. Species richness and evenness of the two crop systems was described. The probable role and interactions of various macro-organisms has also been explored.