غزوات میں رسولِ مجاہدﷺ کی جغرافیائی حکمت عملی

Allah selected Muhammad ﷺ trained by wahi provided it with all the knowledge required for any creation. Either it is any kind of Science, engineering, medical, war strategy, defense plan or any known/Unknown direction of human guidance. At last one must have to say that any precise or authentic yield of the research/effort just turn the page of Hadith or a verse of Quran no more than this. The war strategy of Muhammad ﷺ is wondering throughout the world even in such an advance time, mostly is depends upon. Initially Muhammadا started journey with the preaching of Islam, people were expecting it is too poor. How will be fruitful. It is help of Allah, constant efforts & strategy that prove whole story. This world became more stay able and more secure, was never before in the history of the mankind. Now in this age deviation from the way of Muhammadا will bring the world closer to an irreversible explosion, all the Muslim/Non-Muslim collectively believe in.

Particle Dynamics and Some Thermodynamics Aspects of Black Holes

Dynamics of particles around black holes is one of the interesting topics in general relativity. It helps us in understanding the geometrical structure of the spacetime around black holes. Geodesics of particles may display a rich structure and they can convey very reliable facts to understand the geometry of black holes. Also black holes and thermodynamics have an intimate connection and it is interesting to study thermodynamics at black hole horizons. In this thesis we have studied the e ect of a magneticeld on 3-dimensional dynamics of charged particles in the vicinity of weakly magnetized black holes. We have considered the dynamics of test particles (both neutral and charged) moving in the vicinity of black holes, falling freely from in nity. Timelike geodesics of particles, their escaping behavior from the vicinity of black holes, e ective potentials, and center of mass energies of colliding particles are studied in detail for the following black holes: (i) The Reissner-Nordström black hole surrounded by quintessence (ii) Weakly magnetized Kiselev solution and (iii) weakly magnetised Reissner-Nordstöm black hole. E ect of the geometry of spacetimes on the motion of particles is investigated. To bring the thermodynamics of black holes into the account we have also determined products of black hole thermodynamics parameters at horizons of the Kiselev solution. In therst chapter of the thesis basic concepts of black holes are brie y reviewed. 4 5 In the second chapter we have investigated non-singular coordinates for the Reissner-Nordström black hole surrounded by quintessence. Geodesics of particles are unde ned at horizons of a black hole. This could be avoided by removing the coordinate singularity of the spacetime. By studying the non-singular coordinate system we have obtained timelike geodesics in the new coordinate system. It is emphasized that complete geodesics of the particle can be obtained by removing the coordinate singularity. In the third and fourth chapters we have studied the dynamics of particles in the geometry of a weakly magnetized Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence and weakly magnetised Reissner-Nordström black hole respectively. Equations of motion are derived using Euler-Lagrange equations. Trajectories of escaping particles are obtained and the e ect of magneticeld on trajectories is analysed. In thefth chapter, we have discussed some aspects of thermodynamics for the Kiselev solution. The study includes products of thermodynamics parameters at horizons of black holes.