امیت رسول اور مستشرقین

Orientalists have always denied the acceptance of the divinity and authenticity of Qur’an. For this purpose, they have presented multifarious objections to prove the Qur’an as a discourse of Muhammad r which he learnt from the Christian monks and derived it from the judeo-Christian sources. They specially mention that Muhammad r was not an illiterate person he was rather a pupil of the monks. In this way, their aim is to prove false the claim of the miraculous (I’jaz) style of the Qur’an. We have proved in this study that according to Quran, Tafaseer and Hadiths of Prophet r, history and logic, that Muhammad r since his birth until his death, was illetrate, did not know how to read or write. In this paper, an effort has been made to examine the Western arguments and deduce the actual position in this matter. The basic and fundamental sources have been used to precede the discussion.

Analysis of Unsteady Natural Convective Radiating Gas Flow

Due to diversity in nature, fluids are present everywhere in universe. We go through air, a form of fluid. We use water in our everyday life, which is much important fluid for the perpetuity of living organism. We use fluid in the form of gases for breathing and for different activities of everyday life. The whole universe is covered with the invisible layers of gas. A gas flows through conduction, convections and radiations. The flow of such gaseous materials attracted different researchers of mathematical society. The main theme of this Thesis is the investigation of the behavior of thermal diffusion in the radiating flow of gases. Flow is studied in an open ended channel, which is stationary and having uniform temperature. Fluid is gradually moving under the effect of temperature. We used Laplace transform for the solutions of non dimensional fractional governing equations of radiating flow. Moreover Caputo time fractional derivative have been used for the dealing of temporal derivative. Closed form analytical solutions for Velocity field and thermal expansions are expressed as Robotnov function, Wright and Hartley function. The effects of factional order parameter α, Prandtl number Pr, Grashof number Gr, Radiative parameter R are examined by the graphical interpretations. It is observed that small value of time t has a role activator at the fluid velocity for increasing values of factional order parameter α. Where, large value of time ’t’ inhibits the flow of fluid for increasing values of factional order parameter α. Large values decreases velocity but the effect of large value of time with increasing value of Prandtal is not significant. Increased in value of radiating parameter R decrease the speed of gas and finally Grashof number Gr has direct relation with velocity. The fractional differential equation for temperature distribution operated by Laplace transform. The partial differential equation of velocity is solved numerically with nanoparticle namely copper with the water as based fluid by using Stehfests algorithm. The effects of fractional order derivative and physical parameters are graphically investigated.