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Pharmacokinetics, Renal Clearance and Urinary Excretion of Danofloxacin in Domestic Ruminant Species

Thesis Info

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Author

Manzoor, Zahid

Program

PhD

Institute

Isra University

City

Hyderabad

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Pharmacology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9874/1/Zahid%20Manzoor_Isra_2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726874225

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Danofloxacin is a broad spectrum antibacterial agent which is very effective against a broad range of bacterial pathogens. The pharmacokinetic study of danofloxacin is not conducted up till now in domestic ruminant species. So, there is a need to conduct pharmacokinetic study of danofloxacin in order to select optimal dosage regimen in indigenous species.
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10 پنجواں شکار

پنجواں شکار

                شکندر بارہویں جماعت دا طالب علم سی اک دیہاڑے جدوں اوہ کالج اپڑیا تے اوہنے ویکھیا پئی کالج دے نیڑے خالی میدان وچ خانہ بدوشاں دیاں پکھیاں لگیاں ہوئیاں نیں کالج لگن وچ اجے کجھ چررہندا سی پئی اوہ بے وس ہوکے پکھیاں ول ٹرپیا جدوں اوہ اک پکھی دے کول اپڑیا تے بت بن کے کھلوتا رہ گیا ایس پکھی وچ اک کڑی چھج بناون وچ لگی ہوئی سی اوہنے سدھے سادھے کپڑے پائے ہوئے سن اوہدیاں گلہاں نوں اک لٹ لگدی پئی سی۔ موٹیاں موٹیاں اکھاں، گول گپا جہیا چہرہ۔ اچن چیت اکو واری ایس کڑی نے شکند رول ویکھیا دونواں دیاں اکھاں چار ہوئیاں تے فیر اوس کڑی نے سر تھلے کرلیا خدا جانے کدوں تیکر شکند راوہدے دل ویکھدا رہیا جدوں کالج دا ویلا ہوگیا تے اوہ مجبور ہوکے کالج ول ٹرپیا پر اوہ چنگی طراں کالج وچہ پڑھ نہ سکیا ہر ویلے اوس کڑی دے خیالاں وچ ڈبیا رہیا۔

                جدوں کالج توں ویہلا ہوئیا بے وس اوہدے قدم اوس پکھی ول اٹھ پئے جیہدے وچ اوہ مٹیار بیٹھی ہوئی سی۔ جدوں شکندر اوتھے اپڑیا تے اوہ وی پہلے توں اوہدی اڈیک وچ سی تے کہن لگی ’’تسیں آگے اوباؤ جی، میں تہاڈی ای اڈیک وچ بیٹھی سی‘‘ ایہہ گل سن کے شکندر حیران ہو گیا اوس کڑی نے دوجی وار فیر آکھیا۔

The Concept of Medical Treatment and Guidelines for Physicians in Islamic Perspective

In fact, good health is the ultimate end of medicine for everyone through medical treatment. Islam does approve necessary measures to sustain good health. Thus its sustenance senses the subjects to avoid undue pains and sufferings. For this purpose medications and medical treatment is measured as a recognized tool in Islamic law. Therefore, this research paper reveals that numerous Muslim scientists worked on different branches of science,  and hence the Muslim physicians execute one of the most complicated “eye surgery” almost six hundred (600) years earlier than the European physicians. Indeed, it is the Muslim scientists who discovered the ‘force of gravity’, ‘blood circulation’, ‘laws of motion’. Factually, they developed the ‘theory of evolution’, ‘differential and integral mathematics’ and many more in the field of science. Consequently, the words of Campbell in this regard are very important to note that: “the European medical system is Arabian not only in origin but also in its structure”, which signify that “Muslim scientists are directly responsible for the European renaissance”. Resultantly, this paper argues that ‘medical treatment is an obligation if one’s life is in danger’ since preservation and protection of life is one of the primary objectives of Shariah. Although, in extraordinary circumstances, seeking medical treatment is highly encouraged in Islam, and an ill person is supposed to pursue medical treatment because Allah almighty has made both the illness and the cure.

Identification of New Anti-Glaucoma Agents With Emphasis on the Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme

Carbonic anhydrase is metal-containing enzyme that contains Zn and involves the carboxylation of water into carbonic acid, which normally converts into bicarbonate and protons Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are utilized to lower the intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma condition and also decrease the inflammation associated with increasing ocular hemodynamics, and ocular apoptosis. During the course of research period, a number of synthesized compounds were analyzed by bovine carbonic anhydrase-II (bCA-II) for development of new inhibitors. For this purpose high throughput biochemical mechanism based assay was employed for the identification of new inhibitors of CA-II enzyme. Spectra max-340 and M2 spectrophotometer from Molecular Devices (USA) were used to measure the inhibition potential through absorbance. Out of numerous classes of compound only schiff bases of triazole, tosylhydrazone (sulfonohydrazone), benzylidene and thiourea derivatives, were found to be good inhibitors of CA-II. The identified inhibitors were subjected to IC50 determination by serial dilution. The Ez-fit enzyme kinetics soft were employed to calculate the IC50 values from the % inhibition. The benzylidene derivatives exhibited. IC50 values in the range of 52.68 ? 0.47 to 348.57 ? 3.32 ?M. Schiff Bases of triazole derivatives have shown IC50 values between 98.23 ? 1.60 to 285.87 ? 2.67 ?M. While thiourea derivative exhibit excellent inhibition potential which illustrated IC50 values in the range of 1.90 ? 1.30 to 25.90 ? 2.05 ?M when compared with the standard inhibitor acetazolamide IC50 = 0.13 ? 0.05. Among all the compounds thiourea derivatives can serve as lead compounds for the identification of new inhibitors of CA-II.