اسلام احمد
دسمبر کا مہینہ ختم ہونے کے قریب تھا کہ جناب اسلام احمد ریٹائرڈ۔ آئی۔جی کے انتقال کی خبر ریڈیو اور ٹیلی ویژن سے نشر ہوئی۔ وہ علامہ شبلیؒ مرحوم کے ہم خاندان اور خاص عزیز تھے، ان کے والد بزرگوار شیخ محمد اقبال الٰہ آباد ہائی کورٹ میں چیف جسٹس تھے، جن کے مولانا سید سلیمان ندوی اور مولانا مسعود علی ندوی سے مخلصانہ روابط تھے۔ اسلام احمد صاحب بھی اعلیٰ سرکاری عہدوں پر فائز رہے اور آخر میں آئی جی ہوکر ریٹائر ہوئے۔
وہ لکھنؤ میں متوطن ہوگئے تھے لیکن اپنے وطن اعظم گڑھ سے انہیں ہمیشہ بڑا تعلق رہا، ان کی تدفین بھی بندول میں ان کے آبائی قبرستان میں ہوئی، یہاں کے لوگوں سے بلا تفریق مذہب و ملت بڑی محبت، خلوص اور گرم جوشی سے ملتے اور ان کی خاطر مدارات میں کمی نہ کرتے۔ ان کی اہلیہ بڑی نیک بخت خاتون تھیں، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی بشری لغزشوں کو معاف کرے اور ان کی مغفرت فرمائے، آمین۔ (ضیاء الدین اصلاحی۔ جنوری ۱۹۹۴ء)
Civic behavior reflects the values related to individual’s attitude towards family, peer group, and neighborhood and includes the way one behaves in the society and community as a whole. The purpose of the present study is to describe what civic behavior is, its characteristics, its status in the Hadith, and the way forward for improvement of the civic behavior as guided by Sīrah of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ). Study implies that truthfulness, mercifulness, polite talk, helping others, respect for others, caring and sharing and promise-keeping, loyalty, sympathy, honesty, kindness, brotherhood, cooperation, fairness and unity are the core qualities that make the individual a civilized and active citizen and our Holy Prophet (ﷺ) is the embodiment of all these virtues. Descriptive approach was followed to explain and analyze the concept. First the concept of civic behavior was interpreted, then its importance and characteristics were discussed. After that it was explored in the light of the teachings of the Quran and the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). The findings highlight that the civic behavior in its best form was preached and practiced by the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) and his companions. Each dimension was interpreted in the light of the Quran and the Sīrah. It was concluded that Sīrah of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) is an immaculate source of guidance and inspiration for not only Muslims but also for the whole mankind in acquiring the core values and abilities that determine the Civic behavior of an individual which ultimately results into a well-organized, peaceful and civilized society The study suggests that civic behavior of the citizens has significant impact on the formation and development of a peaceful society. It is recommended that civic behavior as reflected in the life of and practiced by the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) should be promoted and practiced for achieving a civilized social setup.
Background: Systemic arterial hypertension is the main modifiable risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of death in high income countries and is increasingly becoming a cause of concern in Sub-Saharan Africa (1). Awareness, management and overall control of hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa is poor (2,3). Poor control stems from various causes; one being patient non-adherence with medication, a factor amenable to modification. The use of mobile health for behavioural change from low resource settings is gaining widespread use in management of communicable diseases (4,6). Mobile phone has the potential to significantly influence patients to improve adherence to antihypertensive medication thereby leading to better control of hypertension and forestalling complications (6). In Kenya, there is, to date, no evidence of a trial on mobile text messaging to determine whether there is any change in adherence rates to antihypertensive therapy in patients. Objective: The primary objective is to set-up and carry out a Hypertension Short Message Service system to assess whether sending weekly reminders as text messages via a mobile phone will improve adherence rates to antihypertensive treatment, which has been found to translate to improved blood pressure control. Methods: The study was a Randomised Controlled Trial with an intervention arm and control arm involving hypertensive patients seeking treatment at the Family Medicine Clinic at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi. Results: Prior to carrying out the Hypertension Short Message Service system the level of adherence to antihypertensive therapy in the intervention group was 60.3% compared to an adherence rate of 61% in the control group. Six weeks following the intervention, the adherence rate increased by12.4% and 5.3% in the intervention and control groups respectively. The intervention had a statistically significant effect represented by a 7.1% improvement in adherence rate in intervention arm above the control arm (p < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure measurements reduced from an average of 87.9 mmHg to 81.8 mmHg in the intervention group compared to a reduction from 86.8 mmHg to 82 mmHg among patients in the control group. Systolic blood pressure measurements reduced from an average of 141.4 mmHg to 131.9 mmHg in the intervention group, while there was an increase in the control group from 140.4 mm Hg to 142.5 mmHg. Following the Hypertension Short Message Service intervention, the difference in diastolic blood pressure in the intervention and control arm was 1.24mmHg, a reduction that was not statistically significant