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Home > Physiological, Biochemical and Growth Response of Sunflower to Salinity and Boron

Physiological, Biochemical and Growth Response of Sunflower to Salinity and Boron

Thesis Info

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Author

Riaz, Muhammad Atif

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2012

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Applied Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/234

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726909081

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Low concentration of boron (B) is essential to plant growth and may limit the growth in excess quantity especially under saline conditions. Limited information was available regarding B toxicity on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under saline conditions. The present studies were conducted to investigate the interactive effect of salinity and B toxicity. Hydroponics and pot studies were conducted at various B levels under normal and saline conditions. First, 10 sunflower genotypes were screened out against salinity in water culture (control, 60,120 and 180 mM NaCl). SF-187 and S-278 were ranked as tolerant to salinity whereas, Hysun-33 and Hysun-38 were categorized as sensitive genotypes against salinity. These genotypes were grown in hydroponics under saline and non-saline conditions and at control, 0.5 and 1.0 mM boron. Physical and chemical characteristics determined showed reduction in shoot fresh and dry weight was more in salt-sensitive genotypes (Hysun-33 and Hysun-38) than in salt tolerant genotypes (SF- 187 and S-278). Salt-tolerant genotypes accumulate less boron and Na + , while more K + in shoot than salt-sensitive genotypes. Root B and K + accumulation were decreased in saline conditions than non-saline conditions while Na + concentration in root increased in saline conditions. Result regarding relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI) showed a reduction pattern with the increasing level of boron toxicity both under non-saline and saline conditions. Salt-tolerant genotypes showed more RWC and MSI than salt sensitive genotypes under saline conditions along with boron toxicity. Photosynthetic rate (PR) stomatal conductance (SC) and transpiration rate (TR) were also decreased with salinity and toxic levels of boron, and salt tolerant genotypes showed better response regarding PR, SC and TR than salt sensitive genotypes. Achene yield per plant decreased under saline conditions along with toxic level of boron and salt tolerant genotypes showed less % reduction than salt sensitive genotypes. Boron and potassium concentrations decreased under saline conditions, while Na + concentration increased under saline conditions (alone) and saline condition and B at 5 ppm concentration. Salt- tolerant genotypes had accumulated less Na + and B concentration and more K + concentration in shoot. Genotypes (SF-187 and S-278) were promising genotypes under saline conditions along with boron toxicity and can be directly used by farmers or may be used for the development of more salinity tolerant sunflower genotypes by the breeders.
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تعارف ومنہج تفسیر تدبر قران

امین احسن اصلاحی نے تفسیر تدبر قرآن کا آغاز ۱۹۵۹ء میں کیا اور اس کی پہلی جلد ۱۹۵۶ء میں مکمل ہوئی۔نوجلدوں پر مشتمل یہ ضخیم تفسیر اگست۱۹۸۰ء میں پایہ تکمیل تک پہنچی۔ [[1]]

وہ تدبر قرآن کے مقدےمیں تفسیر لکھنے کے مقاصد بیان کرتے ہوئے تحریر کرتے ہیں:

"اس کتاب کو لکھنے سے میرےپیش نظر قرآن کریم کی ایسی تفسیر لکھنا ہے جس میں میری دلی آرزو اور پوری کوشش اس امر کے لئے ہے کہ میں ہر قسم کے بیرونی لوث اور لگاؤ کے تعصب و تخریب سے آزاد اور پاک ہوکر آیت کا وہ مطلب سمجھاؤں جو فی الواقع اور فی الحقیقت اس آیت سے نکلتاہے اس مقصد کے تقاضے سے قدرتی طور پر میں نے اس میں فہم قرآن کے ان وسائل و ذرائع کو اہمیت دی جو خود قرآن کے اندر موجود ہیں"۔[[2]]

امین احسن اصلاحی نےتفسیر تدبر قرآن کے تحریر کرنے میں اپنے استاد حمیدالدین فراہی کے اصول تفسیر و تدبر و تفکر کو بھی سامنے رکھا اور اپنی اس تفسیر کو انہوں نے ایک صدی کے تفکر و تدبر کا نتیجہ قرار دیاہے۔

تفسیر کے مقدمے میں تحریر کرتے ہیں:

"تفسیر تدبر قرآن پر میں نے اپنی زندگی کے پورے ۵۵ سال صرف کیے ہیں جس میں ۲۳ سال صرف کتاب کی تحریر و تسوید کی نذر ہوئے ۔ اگر اس کے ساتھ وہ مدت بھی ملا دی جائے جو استادامام ؒ نے قرآن کے غور و تدبر پر صرف کی ہے اور جس کو میں نے اس کتاب میں سمونے کی کوشش کی ہے تو کم و بیش ایک صدی کا قرآنی فکر ہے جو آپ کے سامنے تفسیر تدبر قرآن کی صورت میں آیا ہے"۔[[3]]

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