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Home > Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Millettia Ovalifolia, Indigofera Heterantha and Selected Conifers

Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Millettia Ovalifolia, Indigofera Heterantha and Selected Conifers

Thesis Info

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Author

Rehman, Taj Ur

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Peshawar

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2498/1/2988S.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676726913679

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The research work embodied in the present dissertation deals with isolation, characterization and evaluation of biological activities of Indigofera heterantha, Millettia ovalifolia, and selected conifers which are presented in five parts along with a brief review of the biosynthesis of terpenoids, flavonoids, indigoferamide, indigoferate, indigoferone, millettio peroxide and sesquiterpene. PART- A Part A describes the phytochemical and biological evaluation of Indigofera heterantha (Wall). Three new and seven known compounds have been isolated from I. heterantha. Various experimental techniques and extensive spectroscopic studies were used for the isolation and structural elucidation of these compounds. Indigoferamide-A and indigoferate showed significant activity, against selected bacteria, while indigoferone exhibited high lipoxygenase activity. New Chemical Constituents · Indigoferamide-A (12) · Indigoferate (13) · Indigoferone (14) Known Chemical Constituents · Dotriacontanoic acid (15) · Formononetin (16) · Quercetin (17) ii· Quercetin 3-α-L-fucopyranoside (18) · 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-6,4’-dimethoxyflavon (19) · 3,5,4 ́-Trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone (20) · Norartocarpetin (21) · 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone (22) PART- B Part B focused on isolation, purification, characterization and biological evaluation of the chemical constituents of Millettia ovalifolia. Millettioperoxide along with five known compounds have been isolated and characterized through physical characteristics and extensive spectroscopic studies. The new compound possessed high anti-bacterial activity. New Chemical Constituents · Millettioperoxide (23) Known Chemical Constituents · 3,7-Dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one (24) · (E)-Ethyl 13-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) acrylate (25) · (E)-Methyl 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) acrylate (26) · N-Ethylacetamide (27) · Benzoic acid (28) iiiPART- C Part C deals with the isolation and characterization of the chemical constituents of Abies pindrow, which led to the isolation and structure elucidation of one new and four known chemical constituents. New Chemical Constituents · Abiespindrowpine (29) Known Chemical Constituents · β-Sitosterol (30) · β-Sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (31) · 3β, 28-Dihydroxylup-20 (29)-ene (betulin) (32) · 3β-Hydroxylup-20 (29)-ene-28-oic acid (betulinic acid) (33) PART- D Part D explains the isolation and characterization of phytochemical constituents of Pinus wallichiana. Four known compounds have been isolated and characterized. Known Chemical Constituents · β-Sitosterol (30) · β-Sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (31) · 5-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (34) · Oleanolic acid (35) ivPART- E Part E of the dissertation, described the isolation and structure elucidation of the chemical constituents of Piceae smithiana. Two known compounds have been isolated and characterized. Known Chemical Constituents · β-Sitosterol (30) · β-Sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3
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پارک دی سیر

پارک دی سیر
پارک دے وچ گھمن والے آندے دل پرچاون لئی
عورت مرد تے بہتے وڈے آندے دکھ گھٹاون لئی

صبح سویرے منہ ہنیرے سیر کرن نوں آندے نیں
بہتی عمراں والے بھائی چھیتی ہی تھک جاندے نیں
تھوڑی عمر دے گھبرو اوتھے آکے خوشیاں پاندے نیں
بہتے آندے اوتھے اپنا اپنا دکھ ونڈاون لئی

فجری اٹھ خدا دے بندے سر سجدے وچ دھردے نیں
شرع شریف دے تابع رہ کے ذکر خدا دا کردے نیں
صبر شکر دا پہن لبادہ ہر دم دکھڑے جردے نیں
دکھاں وچ وی نہ گھبراون رب سوہنے نوں پاون لئی

شوگر والے بھائی میرے! ایہہ تیری مجبوری اے
تڑکے اٹھ کے سیر نوں جانا تیرے لئی ضروری اے
پڑھ الحمد اکتالی واری ایہہ فرمان حضوریؐ اے
ایہدے نال درود رلا ، ایہہ ورد ہے دکھ ہٹاون لئی

بچے کرن تیاری ایتھے جد پرچے ہون سالانہ
کئی وچارے غربت مارے، کئی پئے دین ماہانہ
محنت دے ہن نمبر ملدے بھاویں شکل شاہانہ
محنت تے رب رکھدا ناہیں، دسی اے گل سمجھاون لئی

بہتے موٹے بھاری بندے سو سو نفل گزارن!
غم اندوہ سب دور ہو جاون کدی ناں ہمت ہارن!
قبر حشر نوں سامنے رکھ کے نفس اپنے نوں مارن
بڑا ای چنگا نسخہ ہے اے رب دے نیڑے آون لئی

سجری خوشبو پھلاں والی ہر پاسوں پئی آوے
پھل کلیاں دی مہک پیاری ہر اک نوں پئی بھاوے
جوں جوں خوشبو ودھدی جاوے دل سکون وی پاوے
باغ باغیچے لائے سارے تیرا جی بہلاون لئی

کڑیاں وی کدی سیر بہانے پارک دے وچ آندیاں نیں
پکڑ موبائل گھمدیاں پھردیاں اپنا دل بہلاندیاں نیں
نکھرا مکھ...

جدید اور ہم عصر ریاستوں كے مقابلے میں خلافت راشدہ كی انفرادیت

During the Dark middle ages of Europe, The Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) established the first ever Islamic state, in the Arab soil, at Medinah. The successors of the Prophet, known as Khulfa-i- Rashideen (the Glorious Caliphs) not only maintained it rather they extended with further development. The Caliphate was not only a model statefor the world but also a unique one with respect to its political appratus, principles and the governance. This paper discovers the same uniqueness of the Caliphate in past and modern perspective.

A Study of Cubic Sets in Semigroups and Generalized Structures

It is common knowledge that common models with their limited boundaries of truth and falsehood are not sufficient to detect the reality so there is a need to discover other systems which are able to address the daily life problems. In every branch of science problems arise which abound with uncertainties and impaction. Some of these problems are related to human life, some others are subjective while others are objective and classical methods are not sufficient to solve such problems because they cannot handle various ambiguities involved. To overcome this problem, Zadeh (Zadeh., 1965) introduced the concept of a fuzzy set which provides a useful mathematical tool for describing the behavior of systems that are either too complex or ill-defined to admit precise mathematical analysis by classical methods. The literature in fuzzy set theory is rapidly expanding and application of this concept can be seen in a variety of disciplines such as artificial intelligence, computer science, control engineering, expert systems, operating research, management science, and robotics. Atanassov (Atanassov,1986), defined the notions of intuitionistic fuzzy sets as the generalization of fuzzy sets. Atanassov and many others applied the concept of an intuitionistic fuzzy set to algebra, topological space, knowledge engineering, natural language and neural network etc. Cubic sets are the generalizations of fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets, in which there are two representations, one is used for the degree of membership and other is used for the degree of non-membership. Membership function is handle in the form of interval while non-membership is handled through ordinary fuzzy set (Jun et al., 2010 ). Hyperstructure theory was introduced in 1934, when Marty (Marty, 1934 ) defined hypergroups, began to analyze their properties and applied them to groups. In the following decades and nowadays, a number of different hyperstructures are widely studied from the theoretical point of view. Nowadays, hyperstructures have a lot of applications to several domains of mathematics and computer science and they are studied in many countries of the world. In a classical algebraic structure, the composition of two elements is an element, while in an algebraic hyperstructure, the composition of two elements is a set. This thesis consists of eight chapters. In chapter one, we present some basic definitions and results which are directly used in our work. Here we discussed semigroups, LA-semigroups, LA-semihypergroups, fuzzy sets, interval valued fuzzy sets and cubic sets. In chapter two, we introduce a new concept of v H -LA-semigroups with examples. In addition to this we show that every LA-semihypergroup is an v H -LA-semigroup and each LA-semigroup endowed with an equivalence relation can induce an v H -LA-semigroup. We explore isomorphism theorems with the help of regular relations, v H -LA-subsemigroups and ideals, hyperorder on v H -LA-semigroups and direct product of v H -LA-semigroups. In chapter three, we introduce the concept of a generalized cubic set and defined the concept of generalized cubic subsemigroups (ideals) of semigroups and investigate some related properties. Specifically, we introduced the concept of ( , q ) Γ Γ Δ ∈ ∈ ∨ -cubic ideal, ( , q ) Γ Γ Δ ∈ ∈ ∨ -cubic quasi-ideal, ( , q ) Γ Γ Δ ∈ ∈ ∨ -cubic bi-ideal and ( , q ) Γ Γ Δ ∈ ∈ ∨ -cubic prime/semiprime ideal in semigroups. Chapter four, deals with the study of cubic sets in non-associative algebraic structure, namely LA-semigroups. LA-semigroups are the generalization of the well-known associative structure, namely commutative semigroups. 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