آہ! ڈاکٹر غلام مصطفےٰ خاں
زمیں کھا گئی آسماں کیسے کیسے
(رفیق احمد خان)
’’جناب مشفق خواجہ کا غم ابھی تازہ ہی تھا کہ ڈاکٹر غلام مصطفےٰ خان اور ڈاکٹر سید معین الرحمن نے بھی داغ مفارقت دیا، یہ دونوں بزرگ علم و ادب کے آسمان پر مہر و ماہ بن کر ضوفشاں تھے، یقینا قارئین معارف رفیق احمد خاں صاحب کے ممنون ہوں گے کہ انہوں نے ان دونوں مقتدر علمی و ادبی شخصیتوں پر مقالہ سپرد قلم کیا، عتیق جیلانی صاحب کے بھی ہم ممنون ہیں کہ انہوں نے بھی ڈاکٹر غلام مصطفےٰ صاحب پر اپنے مضمون سے قارئین معارف کو متمتع ہونے کا موقع بخشا، قارئین معارف کو مشفق خواجہ صاحب پر بھی کسی پاکستانی صاحب قلم کے مضمون کا انتظار رہے گا‘‘۔ (ض)
ڈاکٹر غلام مصطفےٰ خاں صاحب (م ۲۵؍ ستمبر ۲۰۰۵ء) کے بارے میں کچھ عرض کرنا سورج کو چراغ دکھانے کے مترادف ہے، وہ کسی تعریف یا تعارف کے محتاج نہیں، ڈاکٹر صاحب کی شخصیت قدر و منزلت کے اعتبار سے کئی پہلو رکھتی ہے، تاہم دو پہلو صاف، واضح اور روشن ہیں، ایک ’’محققـ‘‘ دوسرے ’’مذہبی اور روحانی عالم‘‘۔
تحقیق کے اصل اور حقیقی تقاضوں سے محققین و فضلا ہی آگاہ ہوتے ہیں اور وہی جانتے ہیں کہ انہیں کیوں کر نبھایا جاتا ہے، تحقیق ایک خاص طرز زندگی کا مطالبہ کرتی ہے، ڈاکٹر صاحب نے ایک مقام پر لکھا ہے ’’ہم کہہ سکتے ہیں کہ تحقیق کو بہ طور ایک طرز زندگی اپنانا ہی اولین اور بنیادی اور لازمی شرط ہے‘‘۔
ہم دیکھتے ہیں کہ ڈاکٹر صاحب اپنی عمر کا ایک بڑا حصہ اسی خاص انداز سے گزار کر اس جہانِ فانی سے دائم آباد کو رخصت ہوئے، ان کی زندگی ہمارے لیے قابل فخر اور لائق تقلید ہے۔
ڈاکٹر صاحب کی متعدد خوبیوں میں سے صرف دو کا...
Ka’ab bin Zuhair recited his famous poem of praise for the Prophet (s.a.w) in his presence and received his cloth as a gift in return. His poem has been narrated in the collections of Hadis and Seerah along with its notable presence in the Arabic literature. Allama Jalal ud Din as-Suyūṭī has written a detailed explanation on this poem with the title of Kunhul Murad fi bayan Banat Suaad. This article describes the back ground of the poem and then focuses on the approach adopted by Allama Suyūṭī in his explanations and gives an analysis on his style. As he has adopted the classical approach for the explanation therefore, his work is quite elaborate and consists wide range of related information which has made it one of the most popular explanation of the poem Banat Suaad. This study explains his methodology along with examples from his work.
Selective chemosensors for determination and quantification of various types of molecular target analyte are very important in many fields including chemistry, medicine, and biology. This dissertation describes the efforts of chemosensors for the sensing of metal ions (Hg(II), Fe(III) & Pd(II)) and pharmaceuticals (cephradine & pefloxacin mesylatye). First chapter describes general introduction about chemosensors and nanoparticles. While in the second chapter, synthesis of two new sulfonate and sulfonamide based fluorescent chemosensors, their characterization by EI-MS and 1HNMR and synthesis of gold nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles stabilized Schiff bases have been explained. The synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometric, FTIR and AFM techniques. The average size of synthesized silver nanoparticles were found to be 20-30 nm, and were polydispersed nanoparticles as evidenced by atomic force microscopy. The average size of synthesized gold nanoparticles were found to be 11 nm and were polydispersed. To ascertain the potential for in vivo application, the stability of all synthesized nanoparticles was investigated as a function of pH, temperature and salt concentration. The water suspension of gold nanoparticles were found to be stable for several days at a temperature up to 100 0C, a pH range of 2-13 and salt (NaCl) concentration 5mM-0.01mM. For chemosensing study metals salts and pharmaceuticals were used. The main goal was to achieve sensing in water, which is a prerequisite for application to real blood and tap water samples. The first analyte of choice was heavy metal ion i.e. Hg. The already synthesized probe 218 exhibited marked selectivity for Pb+2 and Hg+2 over 10 other metal ions under physiological buffer condition. Owing to Hg+2 undesirable effects on the environment and the health concerns associated with Hg exposure, this fluorescent probe represents an appealing target and efficient chemosensor for Hg+2. The fluorescence of each solution was measured and the resultant intensity is plotted against concentration of Hg+2 added which shows linear relationship from 10 to 6 μM with a limit of detection of Hg+2 was 0.05 μM and a regression coefficient of 0.907. Another bis-triazol-based fluorescent chemosensor, used as a best sensor for pefloxacin, the chemosensor showed marked quenching among 10 other drugs of interest in aqueous solution, with maximum quenching in intensity at pH 6-8. A novel supramolecular molecular tweezers based on a biphenyl bis-triazole hexahydroquinoline system was used for highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for recognizing and detecting cephradine in the presence of other drugs at pH of 7.7. The detection limit was calculated to be 1 μM with a regression coefficient of 0.99. The competivity study, pH sensitivity of the sensor was also studied. The chemosensor allowed the detection of cephradine in tape water too. Among the nanoparticles synthesized, the main attention was paid to the gold nanoparticles chemosensing properties. A pyrazinium thioacetate stabilized gold nanoparticles have been synthesized and were found an excellent sensor for heavy metal Fe(III) and Pd(II) ions in water, without any particular pretreatment. The detection method for Fe(III) by using gold nanoparticles was elegantly applicable over a wide range of pH (2-13) and concentrations (1-100 μM). The regression constant (R2) calculated 0.9813, while the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) for Fe+3 ions was found to be 4.3 μM and 13.19 μM, respectively. The same pyrazinium thioacetate stabilized gold nanoparticles showed colorimetric change from win-red to grey in the presence of Pd(II). LOD and LOQ for Pd+2 ions were found to be 4.23 μM and 12.83 μM, respectively. Schiff base stabilized gold nanoparticles displayed great selectivity and exhibited best chemosensor properties for pefloxacin in aqueous solution, A linear relationship was almost found when the concentration of pef was between 80 μM to 0.01 μM with a linear regression equation of y=0.0015x + 0.0373 with R2 = 0.9839. LOD was calculated 12.1 μM. The competivity study, pH sensitivity of the sensor was studied. These gold nanoparticles were found to be potent colorimetric sensor and display a very high selectivity for Fe(III), Pd(II) and pefloxacin. The nanoparticle used for the drug sensing allowed the detection of pefloxacin in human serum by simple UV-vis spectroscopic measurements.