TELETHERAPY- AN INNOVATIVE WAY OF TREATMENT IN THE FIELD OF OCCUPAIONAL THERAPY IN PAKISTAN

Teletherapy is an emerging and enlarging tool for having treatment in occupational therapy in rehabilitation sciences among occupational therapists all over the world mainly in Pakistan, especially during the era of COVID-19. A lot of studies have been done already highlighting the paramount of teletherapy around the world but it is a new rising mode of treatment in Pakistan coming to light. Therapists and Patients throughout the country making the most of this treatment way respectively and hence this method of treatment while using of technologies is highly being appreciated. The aim of this study is to foster and encourage the use of this technology in third-world countries like Pakistan. It is the most used treatment tool during COVID-19 among occupational therapists all over the country and is highly appreciated in order to cut-down the negative circumstances of a one-to-one session in which therapist and patient is in highly close contact to each other. This course of action has advocate the on-going rehabilitation treatment and has kept away people from COVID-19 expansion to the most extent. In this study, a 5years old boy was included with an under-diagnostic process within the umbrella term of genetic disorder. Having genetic disorder, his sessions were taken in tele-clinic using video call technology during COVID-19. In this process, AOTA Occupational Therapy Tele-Health Decision Guide, AOTA Occupational Profile Template, AOTA Advisory Opinion for the Ethics Commission Teletherapy, i-PiCS-Internet-Based Parent-Implemented Communication Strategies Program, and modeling strategy were followed.

Afro-American Historiography: Sociolinguistic Analysis of Black American Writing

Afro-American Historiography: Sociolinguistic Analysis of Black American Writing Oppression and liberty have oppositionality with each other but the latter emerges out of the former if patience, fortitude, discipline, unity and faith endure. It is true that where discrimination exists, revolt is only an inch below the surface. The Africans who were enslaved by the Americans never fully adjusted to slavery for accepted its inevitability. Inspite of all the inhuman atrocities inflicted upon them which made many to yield, the enlightened sons of the soil continued their struggle. Their constitutional struggle was not only for existence/ survival of the race but also for their recognition as honorable citizen of America. They fought against bigotry, racism, injustice, brutal violence, lynching, terror, and death in this democracy. The efforts made by this oppressed class, the ups and downs of their socio-economic status during previous two hundred years and the odds against success in the struggle are little known, especially in international circles. It required great struggle for the Afro-Americans to become a part of the main stream of social, economic, political, educational and judicial system of America. To cope with their inability to achieve their target, they developed ways to express their enthusiasms for freedom. Their pursuit of liberty differed in various parts of the country depending upon the following factors: conditions of the respective plantation; the rich past cultural heritage of the blacks; political upheavels and civil war in America; racism and segregation; contact with the Caribbian Africans struggle for human rights and American constitutional frame work struggle for human rights. The rise of the national protest organizations like the NAACP, The National Urban League, The Congress of Racial Equality, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, Students Non-violent Co-ordinating Committee and other such organizations provided a collective leadership to the Black Americans for racial equality, civil and political rights, economic and educational advancements. Afro-Americans full blooded by repponded to slavery in accordance with the proposals and rhetoric of leaders from their own ranks. This research focuses on the socioliguistic analysis of the speeches of eminent African Americans who made the Blacks realize pride in their cultural heritage, enhance their confidence and self image and develop consensus, appropriate behavior and living standard. The future rests on their ability to become more inclusive than exclusive, more open than closed and more egalitarian than elitist.