امام طبری كے حالات زندگی اور تفسیری منہج

Ibne Jareer Al-Tabar┘ is well known personality in the 3rd century as no one second in his period. His opinion was considered authentic due to his knowledge and virtue. He was great scholar, commentator, narrator, jurisprudent and historian. Taftheer Ibne Jareer Al-Tabar┘ is used as basic source for those who follow “Transcribed Method”. He established a separate school of thought due to his over command on Fiqah. This paper describes the “The Exegetical Methodology and the Biography of Ibne Jareer Al-Tabar┘”. The Tafsir gives information about older commentaries which have not survived to the present. Its content —which encompasses dictionaries, historical notes, law, recitation, theology and Arabic literature— has made it a highly referenced book throughout history, resulting in many editions. It is also a good example of reasoning in a Tafsir by a widely accepted scholar, giving it a value of diraya.

Gardening Assistant.

This project involves the design and construction of an autonomous robot engineered to complete some basic maintenance tasks of a regular lawn. The primary aim of the task is to design and construct such a device, which if it functions accordingly, makes lawn maintenance easier and more efficient, while at the same time help save the gardeners from the scorching summer heat. Initially, individual subsystems of the device were designed and tested separately which included; blade design for grass trimming, water tank and valve for watering, encoder motors and microcontrollers for car motion and sensors for obstacle avoidance and autonomous navigation through the lawn. Thorough research on each subsystem has been conducted by the team. The team had to improvise, at times, to alternate solutions during the implementation phase in order to achieve more accurate and efficient results. Following development and research, some components have been assembled and tested, both, individually and in combination with other components. Early prototypes of these subsystems included the use of single microcontroller to control the four motors, and a magnetometer to navigate on a straight path. After testing of prototypes, the device has been modified to improve efficiency and overall functionality. Some components, including the magnetometer, have been removed and encoders of the motors are being read instead, to compute distance and accurate turning of the vehicle; whereas the single microcontroller has been replaced by five microcontrollers using the master slave methodology. In order to provide the scheduled rebooting and to include a rain detection mechanism, additional components have been added before final testing of the prototype device, such as the inclusion of a real-time clock and a rain-detection sensor. In the construction of the final device, materials have been used to improve stability, strength and waterproofing. A body structure made from a strong water-resistant chemical has been added to the final device to provide a rigid frame for components, while a stable wooden board has been 6 used as the base. Similarly, watering system used in the prototype has been fixed using the same chemical to prevent water leakage. A number of existing components have been arranged on and around this frame, including the ultrasonic sensors and the trimming blade. The device has been tested for four main cases which includes obstacle avoidance, boundary detection, automatic rebooting along with rain sensing and, grass trimming along with watering. The tests conducted on the final device yielded consistent results in terms of functionality and efficiency. Therefore, the performance of the device during future assessments is expected to be successful, provided no damage or unknown alterations occur prior to the assessment