دین کی اصل توحید ہے قرآن کے مطلوب انسان کی زندگی ایک اللہ کی وفادار ہوتی ہے اس کا ہر سجدہ ،ہر امید، ہر اندیشہ، ہر محبت، ہر خوف، ہر دعا ،ہر عبادت صرف اور صرف اللہ کے لئے ہوتی ہے وہ اپنے رب کے ساتھ کسی کو شریک کرنے کا تصور بھی نہیں کر سکتا اللہ کے سوا کوئی رب نہیں ہے وہ واحد و یکتا ہے وہی معبود برحق ہے ۔
اللہ تبارک وتعالیٰ قرآن مجید میں ارشاد فرماتے ہیں:
" اِنَّ اِلٰهَكُم لَوَاحِدٌ "۔[[1]]
"بیشک الہ تم سب کا ایک ہے"۔
قرآن میں بہت سے مقامات پر ہمیں توحید کا بیان ملتا ہے۔اس آیت میں الہ کی بنیادی نوعیت یہ ہے کہ معبود حقیقی سب کا ایک ہی ہے۔ اس میں تعدد کا احتمال نہیں ہے یہ خدائی اور معبودی ہے نہ اس کے سوا کسی کو معبود بنا سکتے ہیں اور نہ ہی کسی اور سے خیر کی توقع کی جا سکتی ہے۔ یہ توحید ہی سب سے پہلی اور سب سے بڑی چیز ہے جو ملت ابراہیم علیہ السلام کی وراثت کی حیثیت سے اس امت مسلمہ کی طرف منتقل ہوئی ہے ۔ اللہ تعالیٰ اپنی ذات و صفات میں یکتاو یگانہ ہے کوئی اس کی برابری کرنے والا نہیں ہے کوئی اسکا ہمسر مسلمان ہونے کے لیے ان تمام عقائد پر ایمان لانا ضروری ہے جن کو ہمیں قرآن میں حکم دیا گیا ہے۔
ارکان"رکن" کی جمع ہے اور رکن کسی بھی چیز کا اہم جز ہوتا ہے جس کے بغیر وہ مکمل نہیں ہوسکتی ایمان کے چھ ارکان ہیں لہذا اگر ایمان کا ایک رکن بھی ساقط ہو جائے تو انسان مومن نہیں رہتا خواہ وہ لاکھ ایمان کے دعوے کرتا رہے جیسے...
For the guidance of humanity, God revealed the Holy Quran. It is the only book which is recited the most. Those who read and teach this book have been called the best people. From the blessed life of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) till today, scholars have tried their best to make common sense for the less educated people. And Muhadithin have to bind chapters of "Kitab al-Tafseer and Chapters of Commentary" in their own books. Companions and many commentators interpreted. Some of the interpretations were translated into different languages so that common people can benefit from it. Scholars of the Indian sub-continent also interpreted the Holy Quran for the understanding of common people. A link in the same series is Dr. Muhammad Faruk Khan's "Asan Tarin Tarjuma Wa Tafsir" which is written in simple Urdu language. Dr. Sahib's distinctions on special topics make the reader ponder.
In this article, Dr. Farooq Ahmad Khan's services regarding Tafsir and his distinctions about (Alphabets, prohibited trees, forgetfulness of Adam, etc.) will be examined. Along with the opinions of different commentators will also be present.
Keywords: Qura’n, Dr. Farooq Ahmad, Asan Tarin Tarjuma wa Tafsir, distinctions, Commentators.
Crop yields are reduced due to limited water availability, poor soil fertility and low organic matter contents. This study comprised of four field experiments on the use of organic amendments for growing wheat cv. Bhakkar 2002 to find out their impact on crop growth, yield, nutrients contents and soil characteristics. First experiment compared the efficiency of various organic manures applied singly and in combination treatments on pre- green manured soil. The organic sources used in the experiment were: farmyard manure (FYM), poultry litter (PL), press mud (PM) and sewage sludge (SS) @ 20 t ha –1 . Two years’ data (2004-05 and 2005-06) on crop growth and yield attributes revealed that PL alone performed the best, and FYM alone gave lowest results. Combined application of PL with other organic manures gave lower growth and yield of wheat, while integration of FYM with other organic materials improved its effectiveness. Soil bulk density was not affected significantly by any treatment of organic manures. Contrastingly, FYM and PM alone or combined gave lower N contents in soil; whereas, soil P contents were greater with SS, PL alone and their integration with other organic amendments. Soil and plant K contents were higher under PL, PM and their integration with other organic amendments, while SS gave the lowest results. The highest N and P contents in wheat grain and straw were found with SS, PL alone and their integration with other organic amendments. Generally, PL alone and combined with SS performed better than all other treatments for wheat production. In Experiment-II residual effects of various organic manures treatments used in Experiment-I were evaluated for two seasons (2005-06 and 2006-07). Crop growth and yield parameters were higher with PL+PM and FYM+PM; while, FYM performed the least. Application of PL, SS alone and combined together enhanced N and P contents in soil and plants; while PM / FYM lowered them. Potassium contents in soil and plants were higher under PL, PM and their integration, while SS gave 1 the lowest contents. Residual effect of PL alone or combined with other organic manures especially SS and FYM was greater than all other treatments for wheat. Combined application of PL and FYM with other organic manures improved their effectiveness. In Experiment-III, efficiency of organic manures used as in Experiment-1 was compared on wheat straw pre-manured soil in 2005-06 and 2006-07. Data on various growth attributes of crop indicated that sole use of all the organic manures (FYM, PL, PM, SS) performed better than their combined application, and PL alone out-performed over others. However, yield and yield contributing parameters responded better to the integration of these organic amendments; among them PL+SS and PL+PM gave better results. Use of PL+PM and PM+SS lowered the soil bulk density significantly and to the maximum. Application of PL, SS both alone and combined increased N and P contents in soil and plants over others. Soil and plant K contents were highest under PL, PM alone and their integration, while SS and its combinations gave the lowest K contents. On the overall, PL used alone or in combination with other organic manures especially SS was superior to all other treatments. Fourth experiment compared the efficiency of NPK fertilizers, PL alone and other organic manures (FYM, PM, SS) used in combination with PL and with each other under different available soil moisture depletion levels (ASDLs) on wheat straw pre-manured soil during 2005-06 and 2006-07). Interactions of ASDLs and organic manures showed that PL alone and NPK fertilizer under ASDL 2 (65%) followed by PL+PM+SS gave higher growth measurements and production of wheat. It was concluded that PL whether used alone or integrated with other organic manures is the best for growing wheat in green manured as well as straw incorporated soil. Further, PL should be used at 65% ASMDL for having higher wheat production under rain-fed conditions.