مستی رنداں دی دون سوائی ہوئی اے
پھل کھڑن دی رت ہن آئی ہوئی اے
جیہڑی گل دا نہیں وجود ہے سی
اوسے گل توں ڈھیر لڑائی ہوئی اے
اوکھے وقت نہیں کوئی وی کم اوندا
کئی وار ایہہ گل آزمائی ہوئی اے
تیرے ہوکے رہے ہاں عمر ساری
ساتھوں دس کی بے وفائی ہوئی اے
اوہو قسمت ساڈی ہے نال ساڈے
روٹی جیہڑی چنگیر وچہ آئی ہوئی اے
حب پاک رسولؐ دے کلمے دی
جھگی شہر مدینے وچ پائی ہوئی اے
ہِن برکتاں درود و سلام دیاں
میلے دلاں دی سمجھ صفائی ہوئی اے
آپ سکھاں دے نال آرام کر دے
پنڈ دکھاں دی سانوں چوائی ہوئی اے
An FM Broadcast Trainer was developed to expose the students to the basic equipment needed in radio broadcasting. The cost of Portable FM Broadcast Trainer is much lower than the cost of the traditional commercial equipment because of the materials used. The FM Broadcast Trainer is laboratory equipment that can be used by schools offering academic programs in Industrial Courses specifically Electronics Communication courses. At present there is no portable FM broadcast station available in the local market. Some schools are reluctant to by new FM station equipment since these are quite costly. To resolve this problem, the researchers deemed it necessary to design and develop a portable FM Broadcast Trainer that is simple and affordable to fulfil the basic curricular requirements for offering courses in Electronics Communication Technicians. This is a requirement for our graduates to qualify to take the Radio Telephone Operator examination given by the National Telecommunication Commission the telecommunication body in the Philippines counterpart of Federal Communication Commission in the US. Aside from this, the station will be a venue for Mass Communications students and a vehicle for channelling important announcement from the School.
Background: Chronic subdural haematomas (CSDH) are a commonly encountered neurosurgical problem with no consensus on the optimal treatment strategy. The successful treatment of CSDH remains a major problem with only 64-89% having complete neurological resolution with surgery alone and up to 26% of patients developing persistent bleeding requiring further surgery. The use of corticosteroids as an adjunct to surgery in CSDH may improve outcomes. The evidence for this is unclear and practice is divided among neurosurgeons worldwide. Objective: To compare the incidence of satisfactory resolution between patients with chronic subdural haematoma undergoing surgery who received dexamethasone pre and postoperatively for 6 weeks versus patients who received a placebo for the same period. Study Design: Multi-centre, double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Setting: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi and The Nairobi Hospital. Methods: Fifty-three patients undergoing burrhole surgery for chronic subdural haematoma were randomized into 2 groups (control and intervention group) using a computer-generated table of numbers. Results: The two groups had similar baseline characteristics in terms of age, gender, location of haematoma, initial Glasgow Coma Scale and location of haematoma. The mean age was 57.6 years (SD 12.9). Males comprised 88.6% percent of the patients while females comprised 11.3%. One patient in the dexamethasone arm died during the study. At the end of 6 weeks, there was a statistically significant difference in satisfactory radiological resolution between patients in the dexamethasone arm (89.3%) compared to the placebo arm (56%) (p=0.0034). Participants in the dexamethasone arm were 65.3% times more likely to have resolution of the haematoma (Relative Risk 1.6593 (95% CI 1.15 to 2.38); Fishers Exact p value = 0.0034. The Number needed to treat was 2.7. There was no significant difference between neurological outcomes in both groups (p= 0.611). There was poor correlation between neurological and radiological resolution with 77% of participants having unsatisfactory radiological resolution, having good neurological scores. A total of 7 out of 52 (13.2%) participants experienced complications, 6 (21.4%) of these were in the dexamethasone arm and 1 (4%) in the placebo arm. 6 of these participants had high blood glucose, while 1 had urosepsis requiring hospitalization. All 4 participants who required a second operation were in the placebo arm. Conclusion: The present data provides Level 2 evidence that use of dexamethasone as an adjunct to surgery in the management of CSDH improves radiological outcomes. There is a significant benefit indicated by a number needed to