سوشل میڈیا کا استعمال اخلاقیات اور شریعت کے نکتہ نظر سے: ایک تفصیلی جائزہ

Throughout the history humanity has witnessed many ups and downs. There might have been many eras of moral lawlessness in which humanity might have suffered from lack of moral character, civilization, lack of social norms and values and many such things. But in the present era social media has emerged as a very sharp sword which has destroyed social values, norms and morality. It has proven destructive to a unprecedented level. Sometimes people share news about a person without conformation and on other times people destroy human shapes and give them resemblance with animal shapes and then share them on social media by way of comparison between human and animals. Insulting political opponents, playing with honor and dignity of others, humiliating others have become a game to play for people on social media. Many users of the social media think that there is no respect for others at all so they don’t hesitate from humiliating people. For them the only act worth doing is to protect the so called respect of the leader they follow and love. They are ready to cross any limit for this.  While doing all this they forget anything and everything about civility, morality, and social values etc. Someone has quite rightly said that good character is proof of good blood. While using social media one is in fact representing one’s family and blood. According to statistics 58% of the whole population of our country consists of young people the majority of which is so much attached and engrossed with the use of social media that they are oblivious of what is going around them. The spell of social media has bound people in the galleries of hospitals, pathways, passengers, and in educational institutes. So much so that even in homes, social media has preoccupied people to an extent that they damn care for the people living in the same home with them. There is value for a friend on social media but there is no value for a person sitting very next to them. A young man is busy and engaged with a so called sister on social media but his real sister is seen tantalized for his care and affection. In the university students miss out lectures of teacher but want to learn things from google and social media. This is the dilemma of the current age. The use of social media has taken people far away from the people sitting and living very close to them. Now the young generation has options i.e. Positive or negative use of social media. Your face book account, your profile is reflective of your personality. Any visitor, while visiting your profile and account will have your whole personality open up to him. Difference of opinion is permitted and appreciable thing but it should be done within limits. The current research paper is an attempt to cover up all these things and to see the Islamic teachings about the use of social media. How to open an account on social media, how to share pictures on it either self or that of others, sending friend requests and accepting them? These and other related issues will be discussed in the present paper in the light of Islam.

Comparative Study of Ctenoid Scales, Frequency Distribution Pattern and Length-Weight Relationships in Teraponid Spp. Family: Teraponidae of Karachi Coast Fish Harbours, Pakistan

This dissertation is based on the comparative study of ctenoid scales, frequency distribution pattern and length-weight relationships of Teraponid species of the family Teraponidae. For this purpose, 1304 specimens of family Teraponidae were collected during January 2013 to December 2014 from commercial landings at Karachi Fish Harbour. Three species of family Teraponidae (Terapon jarbua, T. puta and T. theraps) were investigated from the samples. The results of statistical analysis of selected parameters of ctenoid scales (i.e., length of scale and width, radius, horizontal and vertical row of ctenii and number of radii) of Teraponid species proved the significance of scales in correct identification of Teraponid species. The results of linear relationship and principal component analysis-PCA of selected scale parameters shows the significance of selected scale parameters in fish identification. The frequency distribution pattern of Teraponid species was recorded as 51.84% for T. jarbua and 47.70% for T. puta in total catches during the study period (January 2013 to December 2014). The occasional catch of T. theraps shows the absence of this species in commercial catches of Karachi coast. The population parameters of Teraponid species indicates a risk of over exploitation of these species at Karachi coast, Pakistan. Results for length-weight relationships shows that the value of regression coefficient (b) was closer to the ideal value i.e. b=3 hence shows the isometric growth in T. jarbua however, T. puta indicates a positive allometric growth pattern (b>3). The results of condition factor and relative condition factor indicated the good health of Teraponid species. The Macroscopic examination of male and female gonads and gonadosomatic index confirms that T. jarbua has two spawning period from April to August and November while, T. puta has a prolonged spawning period with two distinct peaks in April and November. The results for sex ratio illustrate that females were more numerous than males in both Teraponid species (i.e., T.jarbua and T. puta).