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Sonochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Precursors for Deposition of Thin Films of Ceramic Materials for Gas Sensors

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Hussain, Syed Muzammil

Program

PhD

Institute

Quaid-I-Azam University

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad.

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2009

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6644/1/3398H.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676727211395

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آئو چھو لو آسمان

آئوچھو لوآسمان
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اساتذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’آئو چھولو آسمان ‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
آسمان بلندی و عظمت کی علامت ہے، عروج و ترقی کی علامت ہے، مجدی و سروری کی علامت ہے، آسمان کے ذکر سے مقام و مرتبہ مراد لیا جارہا ہے، آسمان کی مثال سے غرض و غایت علو مرتبت ہے، آسمان تک رسائی گویا ترقی و عروج کی معراج ہے۔
صدرِمحترم!
ہمیں عظمت کے حصول کے لیے غفلت و لاپرواہی کے پردے کو تار تار کرنا ہو گا۔ تساہل و کسلمندی کے حصار سے باہر آنا ہوگا ،سستی اور بے کاری کے رجحان کی نفی کرنی ہوگی ، اخلاقی گراوٹ کی غلاظت کی سٹرانڈ سے بچنا ہو گا، زندگی کے تمام پہلوئوں میں مثبت تبدیلی لانا ہوگی۔
جنابِ صدر!
حصول عظمت کی خاطر انتھک محنت کرنا ہوگی ، سلف صالحین کے طریقے اپنانے ہوں گے، دھوکہ دہی ، فریب کاری، کذب بیانی ، ڈاکہ زنی ، زنا کاری ، رشوت ستانی،اقرباء پروری جیسی قبیح عادات سے اپنے دامن کو پاک و صاف رکھنا ہو گا۔ جسم کی صفائی کے ساتھ ساتھ اپنے روح کی بھی طہارت کا انتظام کرنا ہوگا۔
عقابی روح جب بیدار ہوتی ہے جوانوں میں
نظر آتی ہے ان کو اپنی منزل آسمانوں میں
جنابِ صدر!
جن نابغۂ روزگار ہستیوں نے اپنے دامن کو منزّہ مطہر رکھا، جنہوں نے سلف صالحین کے نقش قدم پر چل کر اپنی منازل کا تعین کیا، جنہوں نے ہرلمحہ اپنی زندگی کی گاڑی کو شارع اسلام پر رواں دواں رکھا، ان کا طائر علومرتبت فلک کی بلندیوں پرمحو پرواز ر ہا۔ ان کے علم و دانش کا آفتاب و ماہتاب آسمان کی...

Critical Approach to Perceptions of Bernard Lewis Regarding Islamic Political & Social Practices

Bernard Lewis is a representative scholar of eastern studies and western thoughts, and he is the most influential political figure in the U.S politics. So his thoughts play an important and vital role in academic and political fields of the West. Most of his writings explore his prejudiced attitude toward Islam and Muslims. He wrote many books about the teachings of Islam. Islam being a universal religion is an interesting topic for western intelligentsia like Lewis. There are many institutes of Islamic studies in their universities and many think tanks are working on various aspects of Islamic teaching for multiple purposes. In some educational institutions of the west revisionist orientalists such as Andrew Rippin are teaching Islamic thoughts from a critical and revisionist perspective which is quite contrary to the traditional Islamic teachings. Bernard Lewis is attached with The RAND cooperation (the most influential think tank of U.S.A) and most of his writings are evident of his prejudiced theories about political and social practices of Muslims.

Design of Frequency Selective Surfaces for Shielding Applications

Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) are periodic arrays of passive structures that exhibit either reflection or transmission response depending on their shielding applications. FSS finds their significant employability in applications, that mostly rely in microwave to terahertz frequency range. Wireless Security and military/defense applications within the limited X-band could potentially utilize FSS to achieve shielding, reduction in Radar Cross Section (RCS) of electrically larger objects and many other applications. Their interesting features can also be used to offer increased performance in antennas. In addition, research into FSS is a continuing endeavor where novel design and analysis of FSS for appropriate applications can be required. The constraints in designing FSS structures for shielding includes miniaturization, wideband shielding effectiveness, incidence angular stability and bendable/conformal configurations. Due to ever increasing demand of high data rate and larger bandwidth, wireless communication started relying on using combination of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology. However, sufficient shielding/isolation and compactness is required for UWB-MIMO systems. These requirements become more prominent when non-planar UWB-MIMO iv systems are designed for 3D system-in-package applications. Likewise, modern communication services also require wideband and enhanced performance antennas incorporated in high gain communication devices. The reported methods only offer performance enhancement for a limited band while sacrificing overall compactness. Miniaturization and wideband performance enhancement is still challenging to achieve for antennas incorporated in high gain communication devices. This research work presents design and analysis of novel planar and bendable/conformal FSS configurations, the proposed conformal configurations include outward, inward and double curved FSS shields on flexible laminates. Miniaturized, wideband and highly selective FSSs are also proposed for both planar and conformal configurations, that meet all the design constraints. The shielding performance is analyzed and validated by simulations, analytical modeling, full wave FE-BI (Finite Element-Boundary Integral) analysis, fabricated system and measurements. In this research, wideband and efficiently shielded non-planar UWB-MIMO systems are presented for 3D system-in-package applications by employing FSSs. Furthermore, a novel FSS shield is investigated to propose a miniaturized, wideband and high gain antenna-FSS arrangement for high gain communication devices. This antenna-FSS arrangement is compact, less complex while offering enhanced wideband performance. Keywords: Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS), Electromagnetic Shielding, Shielding Effectiveness (SE), Radomes, Ultra-wideband (UWB), System-in-Package, High impedance surface (HIS), Gain Enhancement, Electronic band gap (EBG), Metamaterials, Artificial magnetic conductor (AMC), Partial reflecting surface (PRS)