Research on Akhlaq Development: The Standard Character and its Development in Muslim Living

Knowledge without its moral disposition is of no benefit. The virtues of knowledge without hidāyat are useless and vice versa. Man is advised to control his behavior as he will be questioned for his deeds. Faith is not a matter of words but of accepting Allah’s will and striving in his cause. Every soul shall have a taste of death and on the Day of Judgment will be paid full recompense for his deeds. The one who is admitted to heaven would attain the object of life. This object is achieved by moral character. It shapes an individual in a way conducive to the unfettered growth of good, virtue and truth in every sphere of life. It gives full play to the forces of going in all directions. Also it removes all impediments in the path of virtue. It eradicates evils from social plan by prohibiting the causes of its appearance and growth, by closing the inlets through which it creeps into a society. It saves from all sorts of human weaknesses and counsels of pseudo-wisdom, self respect that keeps breaking-in and resists all evils. This is attained by exercising highest patience and self restraint. It signifies the entire scheme of life and not any isolated part or parts thereof. Akhlāq develops an attitude in a person by which every moral valuation, every decision as to the practical course for whatever the individual would prefer in his life to take for ultimate success.

Impact of Retirement on the Life of the Elderly People in Peshawar, Pakistan

This study was conducted to analyze the impact of retirement in the context of socioeconomic conditions and psycho-social perspectives in Peshawar, Pakistan. In the present review, the focus has been made to examine the influence of various predictors on the quality of life of the retired elderly. A multiple indicator approach, which was based on PLS-SEM, was used to assess the impact of different constructs. Hypotheses were planned and evaluated for each dimension in the analysis. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Three standard inventories: Scale with Life Satisfaction, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and Aging Perception Questionnaire were adopted and evaluated as a composite outcome measure _ “Quality of Life”, employing Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling technique. The coefficient in the model showed that socioeconomic status, Social integration, Health and General Activity has significant contribution to the quality of life. The findings of the study indicated that the relationship between the explanatory variable and outcome variable was strong as R2 = 0.77 in the model. All constructs collectively were accounted for 77% of the amount of variance in the construct of quality of life. The result exhibited that the Social Integration (consisted of two constructs “Social Relationships” and “Consultation”), as a multiple construct, was the strong determinant for Psychological well-being and Quality of Life in the retired elderly of Peshawar.