Islamic World in the Global Scenario, Challenges and Strategy: A Study From the Seerat Nabawi’s Perspective

Islam is the perfect religion from every aspect and for every time which provides guidelines for all situations of human life. Islamic political system is one of these aspects which is based on the principles of Holy Quran and sayings of the prophet Muhammad (PBUH), and it supports such a civil structure which follows the directives and requirements mentioned in the afore said two main sources. In Islamic political system, the supreme authority is Almighty Allah and human being utilizes this right as His vicegerent. The present global political system and the strategy of Muslims invite the attention of the thinkers around the globe for effective international interaction between Islamic world and others. This shows that serious deliberations are direly needed to compete with the current challenges. In the present paper, the contemporary situation of global political system will be discussed in order to determine the development of western political system, suggest means to compete with the challenges of this age and to facilitate in devising a suitable strategy for it

Synthesis of Purine Derivatives As Potential Antithyroid Agents

Various purine derivatives mainly 6 and 8-substituted sulfanylpurines were synthesized and evaluated for their potential antithyroid activity. The basic theme of the research work originated from the idea of combining the two most popular existing antithyroid drugs, namely propylthiouracil (1) and methimazole (2), into a single molecule to get the combined effect of both drugs through a single compound. Interestingly it resulted in 2,8-disulfanyl-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one (86). The compound was prepared using known method and three major series along with some individual compounds were also synthesized because the structural properties of the purines and their ability to complex with molecular iodine made them potential antithyroid compounds. In this regard, a series of 8-(alkylsulfanyl)-3,9-dihydro-1H- purine-2,6-diones (144-148) was synthesized using 8-sulfanyl-5,9-dihydro-1H-purine- 2,6-dione (84) and respective alkyl halides in aqueous solution; a second series of 6- (Alkylsulfanyl)-9H-purines (149-159) was synthesized using 6-sulfanylpurine monohydrate and respective alkyl halides in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Similarly, ethyl (9H-purin-6-ylsulfanyl)acetate (162) was synthesized using 6- sulfanylpurine monohydrate, triethylamine and ethyl chloroacetate in ethanol and 2-(9H- purin-6-sulfanyl)acetohydrazide (163). Ethyl (9H-purin-6-sulfanyl)acetate (162) and hydrazine hydrate were refluxed in ethanol to get the desired product. Both conventional and microwave assisted methods were used. Microwave assisted heating reduced the reaction time and improved the yield. A series of N''-[Substituted phenylmethylidene]-2- (79-purin-6-sulfanyl)acetohydrazides (164-172) was also synthesized by heating 163 and substituted benzaldehydes in ethanol under reflux. The compounds were studied in vitro as well as in vivo for determining their antithyroid effects. Fortunately, most of them showed significant antithyroid activity with a few to be exceptionally good in this respect. The successful exposition of the synthesized compounds endorsed the idea of the research programme. It is certainly not the end but a new start. The 6 and 8 substituted purine derivatives may now be categorized as a new class of antithyroid agents. These compounds can be used as alternate drugs for popular benefit after completing the requisite procedures like evaluation of cytotoxicity, determining metabolic route and clinical trial etc.