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Species Diversity and Nutritional Analysis of Medicinal Plants of Khanpur Valley in the Sub Himalayan Mountains of Pakistan

Thesis Info

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Author

Khan, Shah Masaud

Program

PhD

Institute

The University of Agriculture

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Applied Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/7630/1/Shah%20Masaud%20K%20full%20thesis%20pdf.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676727221031

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آخری ملاقات

آخری ملاقات
وہ آنسوؤں کی رحل پر۔۔۔!
مقد س اشارہ ، روشن ستارہ، دھڑکنوں کا سپارہ رکھتے ہوئے!
آرزو کے چاک پر ۔۔۔کئی اصرار تخلیق کرتے ہوئے!
نصاب سخن، جواب سوسن، گلاب و نسترن۔۔۔!
ہاتھوں کے لمس میںسموتے ہوئے!
ساتویں آسمان سے۔۔۔پہلے آسمان تک چلی آئی تھی
صدیوں کے صحیفے سے لذت معانی۔۔۔!
رفاقت زمانی، فطرت ارغوانی جیسی آیتیں پڑھتے ہوئے!
دردائیل، رومائیلؑ اور جبرائیلؑ کی منتیں کرتے ہوئے!
آنسوؤں میں ڈوبی ہوئی۔۔۔!
نور ازل ، وعدہ اول کا واسطہ دیتے ہوئے!
اذیت میں روتے ہوئے۔۔۔درد میں تڑپتے ہوئے!
اسرا رمستجاب، معصوم شباب، سارے خواب لیے روک رہی تھی
مجھے شفق زادوں کے روبرو۔۔۔!
تازیانوں کی تحریر میں۔۔۔!
قلندرانہ زمانوں کی تفسیر میں۔۔۔تکمیل جنوں کا حکم مل چکا تھا
اسباب جدائی کے ساتھ۔۔۔!
خانہ بدوشی کا صحیفہ اور وظیفہ مل چکا تھا

رحمۃ للعالمينﷺ کے غیر مسلموں سے معاملات قرآن و سیرت طیبہ کی روشنی میں

Dealings of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) with non-Muslim show that Islam is the religion of peace, brotherhood, religious tolerance, independence and humanity. Before the spread of Islam the conversations and dealings of the Holy Prophet with non-Muslims forced them to call him Al-Sadiq and Al-Ameen. Sympathy and tolerance in clandestine and public preaching, the style of letters to non-Muslim empires, the dialogues with non-Muslim delegations in Madani era, the orders given for the safety of their wealth, belongings and their life, the tolerance, forgiveness and prayers for the enemies, the good behavior with the non-Muslim prisoners, even when Muslims got dominance over non-Muslims at the time of the conquest of Makkah, the common pardon given by Holy Prophet (S.A.W) are the true example that Islam preaches peace. The attitude of Sahaba-e-Karam (R.A) and the liberty of rights given to Non-Muslims by them- no religion and no community of the World can give this example. The people responsible for maintaining the peace of the world and brotherhood should see how Muslims are treated all over the world? Muslims had given to non-Muslim permission to practice their religious festivities freely and even to wear any type of clothes. The ban of Hijab in France, the punishment of innocent Dr. Afia Siddiqui, the Egyptian pregnant woman (Marwa Sharbeney) had been mercilessly assassinated and her husband injured by knives in the court of Germany because of Hijab, the discussions going on to restrict the domes of Mosques and Adhan (Call to prayer) in Switzerland, the insult of the Holy Quran by Pope Terry John, of Florida, the disrespect of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) etc are the questions awaiting answers from West and United Nation. Islam promotes of peace, equality and religious freedom. It also invites non-Muslims to come and sit on a platform and discuss these problems for the sake of worldly peace to end the religious hatred and to form true peace in the world.

Influence of Salt Stress on Some Physiological and Biochemical Attributes and Oil Composition of a Potential Oilseed Crop Safflower Carthamus Tinctorius L. .

The principal objectives of the present investigation were to assess inter- cultivar variation for salt tolerance in safflower, draw relationships of various physiological and biochemical attributes to salt tolerance of safflower, identify selection criteria for further improvement in salt tolerance of safflower through specific breeding programs and to appraise whether or not salt stress alters the composition and quality of safflower oil. Different experiments were carried out to assess variation in salt tolerance in 10 accessions (Safflower-31, Safflower-32, Safflower-33, Safflower-34, Safflower-35, Safflower-36, Safflower-37, Safflower-38, Safflower-39, Safflower-78) of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) at varying levels of salt (NaCl) at different growth stages, germination, seedling and adult stages. The results of the germination experiment showed that salt stress had an inhibitory effect on germination percentage and seedling biomass of all 10 accessions. A significant variation in the accessions was observed at the two higher salt levels (180 and 240 mM). While ranking the accessions on the basis of their potential for germination and producing seedling biomass at 240 mM NaCl, lines Safflower- 31 and Safflower-35 were found to be tolerant, Safflower-33, Safflower-37, Safflower-38 and Safflower-78 salt sensitive, and Safflower-32, Safflower- 34, Safflower-36 and Safflower-39 moderately tolerant. To further evaluate safflower lines for their performance at later growth stages, an experiment was conducted using two salt levels (0 control, 150 mM NaCl). Salt stress caused a marked reduction in biomass production, photosynthetic pigments, leaf water relations, gas exchange characteristics, proline content, mineral nutrients, activities of some key antioxidant enzymes, different fatty acids, tocopherol contents and yield attributes. A significant inter-cultivar variation was found in the set of 10 diverse safflower accessions at the adult stage. Although variation for salt tolerance was found at all growth stages, that found at the germination and seedling stage was not maintained at the vegetative or adult growth stages. On the basis of shoot biomass production at the vegetative stage, accession Safflower-37 was ranked as tolerant, while Safflower-31, Safflower-32, Safflower-34, Safflower-39, and Safflower-78 as salt sensitive. In contrast, in terms of seed yield, accessions Safflower- 32, Safflower-34, and Safflower-39 were ranked as tolerant, while Safflower-31, Safflower-33, Safflower-35, Safflower-36, and Safflower-38 as salt sensitive. A positiveassociation of net photosynthetic rate (A) with growth and seed yield was observed in the 10 diverse safflower lines under saline conditions, and thus it could be used as an effective selection criterion for salinity 2 tolerance in safflower.