کل شیٔ ھالک الا وجھہ
آہ!کیوں کرکہئے کہ فلک علم وفضل کاآفتاب رخشندہ غروب ہوگیا۔بزم انس وقدس کی شمع فروزاں گل ہوگئی۔درج تقوی وطہارت کالعل شب چراغ گم ہوگیا۔شریعت وطریقت کے اسرار ورموز کامحرم جاتارہا۔اخلاق ومکارم اسلامی کے ایوان میں خاک اُڑنے لگی۔جو کل تک لاکھوں انسانوں کے لیے طبیب عیسیٰ نفس تھا خود وہ موت کی آغوش میں جا سویا۔ملت بیضا کاسہارا، فرزندان توحید کی امیدوں کامرجع، پیروان دین محمدی کی تمناؤں کا مرکز راہی ملک عدم ہوگیا۔یعنی حضرت مولانا سید حسین احمد صاحب مدنی نے ۵/دسمبر کوبمقام دیوبند سہ پہر میں داعیٔ اجل کولبیک کہا۔انا ﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
حضرت مولانا کی وفات ایک فرد،ایک شخص اورایک انسان کی موت نہیں ہے۔بلکہ ایک خاص دور، ایک عہد اورحیات ملّی کے صحیفہ کے ایک باب کا اختتام ہے۔حضرت مولانا گنگوہی اور حضرت شیخ الہند نے اپنے مقدس ہاتھوں سے جو چمن لگایا تھا مولانا اس چمن کی آخری بہار تھے۔ حضرت حاجی امداد اﷲ اور نانوتوی نے شریعت وطریقت، علم وعمل اورتقدس وطہارت کی جوبزم سجائی تھی، اجل کی باد صر صر اُس کے چراغ بجھاتی رہی مگر ساتھ ہی چراغ سے چراغ بھی روشن ہوتے رہے اوربزم کبھی تاریک نہیں ہوئی لیکن اب اس بزم کاآخری چراغ بجھ گیا۔روشنی کی جگہ ظلمت نے لے لی۔تاریکی چھا گئی اوربزم کی بساط الٹ گئی۔
اسلام میں اعلیٰ اورمکمل زندگی کاتصور یہ ہے کہ تزکیۂ نفس اورتصفیۂ باطن کے ساتھ فکرونظر کی بلندی اورجہدوعمل میں پختگی اورہمہ گیری ہواوریہ سب کچھ تعلق باﷲ کے واسطہ سے ہو۔مولانا اس دور میں اس معیار پر جس طرح پورے اُترتے تھے ہندوپاک توکیا پورے عالم اسلام میں اس کی نظیر نہیں مل سکتی۔ علم و فضل کایہ عالم کہ اسرار وغوامض شریعت وطریقت ہروقت ذہن میں مستحضر۔کسی سائل نے کوئی مسئلہ پوچھا نہیں کہ معلومات کاسمندر ابلنے لگا۔چنانچہ حضرت مجدد الف...
The Gulf Wars, fought in 1991 and 2003 respectively, are inter-related with each other. These wars reshaped and totally changed the Geo-Political structure of the Middle East. Apparently, the Geo-Political importance of the Middle East has remained universal truth from the very first day of human being. In that regard, it has always remained like it in the eyes of world powers such as Romans, Greeks, Sassanid, Ottomans, UK, Russia and America. Chronically, US increased interference in the Middle East soon after the World War II (1945). Eventually, Saddam Hussain was Pro-Socialist and disliked American interference in the Middle East; that was why, US started to overthrow Saddam Hussain’s regime and control the Middle East oil resources. Due to that, the United States trapped Saddam Hussain into Iran-Iraq War for more than eight years, which became futile and fatal for both countries. Mercilessly, the United States trapped Saddam Hussain once again into devastative War between Iraq and Kuwait in 1990. After that, accusing Saddam of violating International Law, the US found reason to invade Iraq directly, which is known as the Gulf War I (1991). Awfully, Iraq was kept in war for than a decade. When the US failed to overthrow Saddam regime after devastative and savage attacks, she got passed resolutions from the United Nations to impose economic sanctions on Iraq due to allegation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs). Valiantly, innocent Iraqis endeavored economic sanctions for more than a decade. After the inspection of world experts’ teams, they could find neither any sign of WMDs nor any stockpile of WMDs. Apart from that, the US led Coalition invaded Iraq in March 2003, massacre millions of people, collapsed its economy and ruined its infrastructure.
Thesis Title: English Language Teaching: Implementing Collaborative Language Learning Approach in Federal Colleges of Pakistan Most of the college students in Pakistan, irrespective of their gender cannot communicate effectively and confidently in English. Despite the fact that they are taught English as a second language from an early stage of their educational life, they never develop communicative command on English. This incompetency of learners is largely attributed to faulty language teaching system in Pakistan. Keeping in view the effectiveness of sociocultural language learning framework, this research set out to implement collaborative language learning environment in our colleges. The main objective was to analyze whether collaborative language learning will help the learners to improve their listening and speaking skills or not. It also aimed to find out that how successfully collaborative language learning can be implemented within our context as well as to highlight the hurdles which may impede its implementation. To achieve the said purpose, this experimental research was divided into three phases mainly: pre-test, experimental study and post-test. The pre-test assessed the learners’ existing competency level at the beginning of the study. Subsequently, the experimental study was applied following the sociocultural paradigm to assist the learners towards gaining communicative competency by working collaboratively. The post-test, held at the end of the experimental study period, helped to critically evaluate if the collaborative language learning approach had actually supported the learners to enhance their conversational or communicative efficiency in English. As revealed by the findings of the study, the experimental groups performed comparatively better than the controlled groups during the post-test. The participants of experimental study demonstrated better understanding of the ideas, messages and information offered in English, as far as listening skill was concerned. The study also discovered that the experimental performed better in speaking skill tasks registering significant enhancement in their oral proficiency. These findings are quite important as they ascertain the fact that collaborative language learning paradigm can effectively facilitate the learners to enhance their communicative skills a great deal, if implemented carefully and systematically within our context, without bringing about major changes within the existing infrastructure. However, the study suggests that the teachers should be trained, textbooks be revised adding speaking and listening skill focused tasks and assessment system should include communicative skills evaluation so that the teaching of English as a collaborative endeavour can be facilitated and implemented effectively.