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Studies on Competitive Interaction and Management of Wild Oats Avenafalua L. in Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum L.

Thesis Info

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External Link

Author

Khan, Imtiaz

Program

PhD

Institute

The University of Agriculture

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2008

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Applied Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/5688/1/2412.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-17 21:08:06

ARI ID

1676727285753

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التحریر چوک

التحریر چوک

کبری الجامعہ کے علاوہ قاہرہ میں دریائے نیل پر ایک پل اور بھی ہے جس کو ۱۲ اکتوبر پل کہا جاتا ہے ۔مسافر دکتور محمود سے وجہ تسمیہ پوچھی تو اس نے کہا عرب اسرائیل جنگ کی یاد میں یہ پل بنایاگیا ہے ۔اس پل کے کنارے قاہرہ ٹاور ہے جس کی بلندی نے باقی عمارتوں کو ماند کر رکھا ہے ۔ ڈوبتے سورج کی سرمئی روشنی میں قاہرہ کے مینار کی نکھری رنگت نقرئی نظر آنے لگی جس نے اس کی وجاہت اور قد کاٹھ میں بڑھوتری پیدا کر دی تھی ۔

۱۲ اکتوبر پل کے دوسرے کنارے ’’التحریر ‘‘کے نام سے ایک بڑا چوک ہے ۔اس نام سے میری شناسائی چند سال پہلے اس وقت ہوئی جب سابقہ مصری صدر حسنِ مبارک کے طویل دور حکومت کے خلاف ایک تحریک شروع ہوئی ۔تحریک جب احتجاج میں بدلی تو مرکزی حیثیت التحریر چوک کوملی جہاں مصری نوجوانوں نے کئی ہفتوں تک دھرنا دیا اور آخر کار حسن مبارک نے پہلے حکومت چھوڑی اور پھر جیل جانا پڑا ۔سیاست کے ماہرین نے اس تحریک کو ’’عرب بہار ‘‘کا حصہ گردانا جو عرب ملکوں میں مطلق العنان بادشاہوں کے خلاف شروع ہوئی تھی ۔بیسوی صدی کی ساتویں دہائی کے اواخر میں ’’مرگ برشاہ‘‘اور ’’شاہ رفت‘‘کی جو آوزیں تہران کی مرکزی شاہراہوں اور چوکوں میں سنی گئی تھیں۔عرب بادشاہوں کو بھی مطلق العنانی کے خلاف ایسی ہی آوازوں کا سامنا کر نا پڑا ۔اس میں کوئی مبالغہ نہیں کہ انقلاب خواہ کتنا ہی پرانا کیوں نہ ہو جائے اس کی داستان ہمیشہ تازہ رہتی ہے۔ امید اور عمل ،بیداری اور خود شناسی ،جنوں اور لہو کی داستان بھی کبھی پرانی ہو سکتی ہے؟زمانہ اس کو بار بار دہراتا ہے فرق صرف نام ،مقام اور وقت کا ہو تا ہے ۔

Kamal Ahmad Rizvi as a Dramatist

Kamal Ahmed Rizvi (1930-2015) is among the very first people to give credence to Pakistan Television Urdu drama. He is one of the first rate and accomplished dramatists, director, actor, as well as a visualizer. In the world of drama he has a very versatile presence. He is also one of the first persons to affect the transition of the Urdu drama from stage to television, as such, he is an indelible name in the history of our art and theatre. Whenever Pakistan Television drama is mentioned, his name can never be omitted; or if its history is written, it shall be incomplete without reference to him. If Kamal Ahmad Rizvi is called an institution by himself, it shall not be wrong, because he is a creative writer, a translator, a director and a producer; and until now there has been no other individual with like qualities in the history of Pakistan Television, and this is his mark of distinction. ______

Zinc Nutrition and Microbial Allelopathy for Improving the Productivity, Grain Biofortification and Tolerance Against Abiotic Stresses in Chickpea

Zinc (Zn) deficiency in sandy soils is one of the major reasons of low chickpea yield in Pakistan. Soil Zn deficiency is often associated with human Zn deficiency due to low Zn concentration in the edible plant parts. For this, a series of experiments were conducted to: (i) optimize the Zn application through seed treatment in desi and kabuli chickpea, (ii) charectrize desi and kabuli chickpea genotypes for genetic diversity and grain Zn bioavailability, (iii) evluate the role of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB, Enterobacter sp. MN17) in combination with Zn application in improving the productivity and grain biofortification of desi and kabuli chickpea, (iv) study the mechansim of Zn induced tolerance against heat and drought stresses in desi and kabuli chickpea. For optimization, Zn was applied through seed priming and seed coating. Among seed treatments, seed priming with 0.001 M Zn and seed coating with 5 mg Zn kg-1 seed significantly improved stand establishment and early seedling growth of both chickpea types. Zinc application, through either method, improved the stand establishment, grain yield, and grain biofortification. The use of PGPB together with Zn application was more effective in improving the stand establishment, grain yield and grain Zn biofortification. The response of chickpea types differed in Zn and Zn+ PGPB application. In kabuli chickpea, Zn application is more effective through seed coating + Enterobacter sp. MN17, while in desi, Zn application through soil application + Enterobacter sp. MN17 was the best in improving the productivity, profitability, bioavailable Zn and grain quality. The results of genetic diversity revealed low to moderate genetic diversity (0.1488 for desi and 0.1041 for kabuli) among the tested chickpea genotypes (n = 16) of Pakistani origin. However, there was significant variation for yield and grain quality. The highest grain yield, grain Zn concentration and bioavailable Zn was recorded in desi genotype NIAB-CH-2016 and in kabuli genotype Noor-2013. Abiotic stresses suppressed the growth of chickpea, and under Zn deficiency the suppressive impacts were more severe. However, adequate supply of Zn (1 µM) improved the tolerance against the drought stress (35% water holding capacity) and heat (35/30°Cday/night) stresses in chickpea owing to the improvement in the activities of enzymatic antioxidants, photosynthesis, and accumulation of free leaf proline. In conclusion, Zn fertilization and Zn + PGPB improved the stand establishment, productivity and grain biofortification of chickpea. The chickpea genotypes of Pakistani origin had low to moderate genetic diversity for grain yield and bioavailable Zn. Adequate supply of Zn improves the chickpea growth and performance under abiotic stresses.