امینِ حزیں
امینِ حزیں (۱۸۸۲۔۱۹۶۸ئ) سیالکوٹ میں پیدا ہوئے۔ آپ کا اصل نام خواجہ محمد مسیح پال ہے۔ سکاچ مشن سکول سیالکوٹ میں انہیں مولوی میر حسن جیسے استاد سے اکتسابِ فیض کا موقع ملا۔ مولوی صاحب کی تربیت نے ان کے شعور کو اجاگر کیا۔ ان کی ملازمت کا بیشتر حصہ گلگت میں انڈین پولیٹیکل سروس میں گزرا۔ ۱۹۳۹ء میں خان بہادر کا خطاب پا کر ملازمت سے سبکدوش ہوئے اور اپنے آبائی شہر سیالکوٹ میں سکونت اختیار کی۔ (۲۰۳) ۱۹۰۲ء میں ان کی پہلی غزل لکھنو کے ’’پیامِ یار‘‘ رسالے میں چھپی اور اس کے بعد شعر و شاعری کا سلسلہ برابر جاری رہا۔ ابتداء میں مولانا ظفر علی خاں اور مولانا جوہر کے رنگ سے متاثر تھے بعد ازاں حضرت علامہ اقبالؒ کو پسند کرنے لگے اور یہ رنگ ایسا بھایا کہ پھر کسی اور کا نقش نہ جم سکا۔ امینِ حزیں کا کلام بر صغیر پاک و ہند کے مختلف ادبی رسائل میں چھپتا رہا جن میں ’’پیامِ یار‘‘ ‘ ’’مخزن‘‘ ‘ ’’ساقی‘‘ اور ’’ہمایوں‘‘ قابلِ ذکر ہیں۔(۲۰۴) امینِ حزیں کا پہلا شعری مجموعہ ’’گلبانگِ حیات‘‘ ۱۹۴۰ء میں شائع ہوا۔ دوسرا شعری مجموعہ ’’نوائے سروش‘‘ الفیصل ناشران و تاجران ادارے نے شائع کیا۔
تیسرا مجموعۂ کلام ’’سرودِ سرمدی‘‘ بھی الفیصل ناشران و تاجران ادارے نے شائع کیا۔ امینِ حزیں کی شاعری کے آٹھ مسودے ابھی تک شائع نہیں ہو سکے۔
یہ آٹھوں مسودے ان کے عزیز و اقارب کے پاس موجود ہیں۔ امینِ حزیں کے ہزاروں کی تعداد میں مشاہیر کے نام خطوط بھی محفوظ ہیں۔ اردو ادب کے محققین کے لیے یہ شعری و نثری فن پارے قیمتی سرمایہ ہیں۔
امینِ حزیں ایک مشاق اور قادر الکلام سخن ور تھے۔ انہوں نے تقریباً ہر صنفِ سخن میں طبع آزمائی کی ہے۔ انہیں اردو‘ عربی‘ ہندی ‘ سنسکرت‘ انگریزی‘ پشتو اور دیگر علاقائی...
Background and Aim: Bowen therapy is a non-pharmacological method for treating a variety of pain conditions, but its effectiveness in treating tension-type headaches is unknown. We compared the effectiveness of Bowen therapy to a sham treatment.
Methodology: In a multi-center randomized controlled trial, the young adults with a tension-type headache were selected from the Neurology Department of DHQ hospital Sargodha and Niazi Medical Complex, Sargodha, with convenient sampling. A priori sample size calculation determined that 44 participants were needed. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Bowen Therapy (n=22) and Sham Treatment (n=22) groups were enrolled. The Bowen therapy was devised for two weeks. The measurement was taken at baseline and after two weeks. SPSS 22 was used for data analysis.
Results: At baseline, there was no difference found in the Bowen therapy and Sham treatment groups. We have noticed a significant decrease in the severity of pain and improvement in pain pressure threshold assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and algometer in the Bowen therapy group after two weeks (<0.05). However, no changes in pain intensity were found in the sham therapy group. Furthermore, the headache frequency was also reduced in Bowen therapy compared to the sham therapy group (<0.05) after the study period.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that Bowen Therapy might be a beneficial and effective treatment for a tension-type headache. Further studies are needed using older adult’s participants.
The present study was carried out to investigate floristic diversity, ethnobotanical profile and conservation status of important plant species of Kaghan Valley. The Valley is situated in the Northern Pakistan. It is 161 km long scenic wonderland with its towering Himalayan peaks, peaceful lakes, majestic glaciers and splashing water falls. The people are mostly poor, illiterate and are very much dependent upon plant resources. During the study 6 species of Bryophytes (6 families), 53 species of Pteridophytes (9 families), 12 species of Gymnosperms (4 families), and 775 species of Angiosperms (108 families), were collected, preserved and presented as checklist. The people of Kaghan Valley utilize 108 plant species as medicinal plants. Majority of these medicinal plants are used for multiple purposes. These include 91 species of Dicots, 09 species of Monocots, 06 species of Gymnosperms and 02 species of Pteridophytes. Among these ethnobotanically important plants, 27.77 % were found at risk regarding their conservation status. 2.77% were found critically endangered, 12.96 % endangered, 9.25 % vulnerable and 2.77 % near threatened. Seeds of 5 medicinal plants, i.e, Colchicum luteum, Hyoscymus niger, Aconitum heterophyllum, Geranium wallichii and Paeonia emodii, were collected from the wild and deposited at Forest Nursery Besian near Balakot as an ex-situ conservation effort. Medicinal plants and edible mushrooms are produced in bulk in Kaghan Valley and are considered as a fair source of income generation for local communities. Beside these, potatoes, peas, beans, maize, walnut and apple also yields good return. The floristic diversity of Kaghan Valley is threatened by the effects of natural and human impacts. Natural causes are hailstorm, drought, snowfall, thunderstorm and earthquake. Among the human causes, fuel wood consumption, illicit cutting for timber, encroachment on forest land, lopping for fodder, grazing, grass cutting, fires and tourism are important. For indigenous people in developing countries like Pakistan where exploitation of environment is necessary for survival, help is needed in constructing alternatives for sustainable development, in order to establish biodiversity conservation much profitable. Multiple uses of forests, development of agro-forestry, silviculture and sustainable exploitation of wild species are some of the alternatives that have been suggested to be considered as future strategy for the development of Kaghan Valley. This part of Himalayan region contains immense biological resources of benefit mankind.