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Studies on Molecular Determinants of Stem Rust in Wheat Triticum Aestivum

Thesis Info

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Author

Bashir, Shahzad

Program

PhD

Institute

Government College University

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Biochemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11343/1/Shahzad_Bashir_Biochemistry_2019_GCUF_11.11.2019.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727304788

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Almost 90% of the wheat is facing the threat of stem rust (Puccinia graminis) worldwide. In Pakistan, most of the farmers tend to grow old wheat varieties, which are susceptible to the disease. Replacement of older varieties with high yielding and modern genetically bred varieties will protect farmers against the inevitable attack of stem rust and other diseases. The inevitability of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) migration from Iran to Pakistan, coupled with the presence of dangerous new races of yellow rust and leaf rust, are of such importance that their molecular surveillance and rust resistant varieties are now required to improve genetically. Constantly evolving new variants of plant pathogens pose a threat to wheat production. To overcome this, lot of efforts have been made to better understand molecular aspects of resistance to disease and virulence factors that promote the onset of disease. There are many genes identified and characterized, which have resistance against stem rust disease to various levels. They include Sr gene family. Screening of these Sr gene family and some other genes (RPG genes) was done against wheat germplasm. We screened 108 wheat cultivars for different reported resistant genes. Frequency of Sr45 is highest among all other genes which is 65%. Sr35, RPG1 and Sr22 have gene frequency respectively 58%, 37% and 33%. While Sr33 and RPG5 does not appear in any cultivar. Sr22 was selected for isolation and transformation. Today, many transformation methods of resistant genes to various crop plants including wheat are widely used. Sr22 was triggered by inducing Puccinia graminis on healthy resistant varieties such as Mexi-Pak, Auqab 2000 and AS 2002. After inducing Puccinia graminis on healthy plant total mRNA was isolated which was used to synthesize cDNA and full-length gene. The gene was introduced to a commercial susceptible variety, LASANI 2008. Gene gun method was used for transformation. The pCAMBIA2300 plasmid was used having the Kanamycin resistant gene and Cauliflower Mosaic Virus promoter. After transformation, gene integration and expression studies were carried out.
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نصیر اللہ خان بابر

نصیر اﷲ خان بابر

چیئر مین بھٹو شہید تو حمود الرحمن کمیشن رپورٹ چھاپنا چاہتے تھے جس کے مطابق پاکستان توڑنے میں فوجی جرنیلوں کا ہاتھ تھا تو ایک میٹنگ میں جنرل ٹکا خان نے کہاکہ جناب لوگ ہم سے پہلے ہی ناراض ہیں اگر آپ حمود الرحمن کمیشن رپورٹ چھاپیں گے تو لوگ ہمارے کپڑے پھاڑ دیں گے ۔حالانکہ یہ اپنی پتلونیں تو مشرقی پاکستان میں چھوڑ آئے تھے ۔

ایک بہادر جرنیل نصیر اﷲخان بابر

ہمیں بھی یاد کر لینا

ہمارا خون بھی شامل ہے تزئین گلستان میں

ہمیں بھی یاد کر لینا چمن میں جب بہار آئے

تاریخ گواہ ہے کہ فوجی ڈکٹیٹر جنرل ضیاء الحق کے مارشل لاء کے خلاف جدو جہد میں پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے کارکنوں نے پاکستان کی جیلیں کبھی خالی نہ رہنے دیں ۔کبھی خود سوزیاں اور پھانسیاں ننگی پیٹھوں پر کوڑے طویل المعیاد سزائیں اور ہزاروں سیاسی قیدیوں کی رہائی کے بدلے محترمہ بے نظیر بھٹو شہید کو 1988ء میں لولی لنگڑی حکومت قبول کر نا پڑی اسے بھی 18ماہ بعد چلتا کر دیا گیا ۔

 

آ جائو

آ جائو سن لی میں نے تیرے ڈھول کی ترنگ

آ جائو کہ مست ہو گئی میرے لہو کی تال

آ جائو میںنے چھیل دی آنکھوں سے غم کی چھال

آ جائو میں نے درد سے بازو چھڑا لیا

آ جائو میں نے نوچ دیا بے کسی کا جال

                                                                                                                فیض احمد فیض ؔ

 

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