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Home > Study of Genetic Variants for Inherited Ocular Disorders in Sindhi Inbred Pedigrees

Study of Genetic Variants for Inherited Ocular Disorders in Sindhi Inbred Pedigrees

Thesis Info

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Author

Waryah, Yar Muhammad

Program

PhD

Institute

Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences

City

Jamshoro

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Molecular Biology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10472/1/Yar%20Muhammad%20Waryah_Molecular%20Bio_2019_LUMHS_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727374196

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The inherited ocular disorders are the leading cause of vision impairment, eye degeneration, and dysfunction worldwide. The most of the ocular diseases are inherited as autosomal recessive traits and are in populations where endogamous marriages are common. Identification of disease causing gene and pathogenic variants are of great importance for screening of carriers and management of the disease, moreover, it is fundamental to understand the underlying mechanisms of diseases and thus pave the path for successful therapeutic approaches to cure the disease. This study was aimed to find genetic and molecular basis of enrolled consanguineous pedigrees affected with inherited ocular disorders. Fifty four consanguineous families affected with oculo cutaneous albinism, Retinitis pigmentosa and congenital glaucoma were enrolled from various areas of Sindh province. Detailed family history was recorded and pedigrees were drawn. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood for genetic studies. Homozygosity mapping was performed for the most common loci and genes. Frequent mutations were screened through ARMS assays. The disease causing and candidate genes were Sanger sequenced. The whole exome sequencing was carried out on selected unlinked families, data were analyzed and desired variants were filtered out. In-slico bioinformatics tools were used to access the pathogenicity of the novel variants and protein structures were modeled to compare wild and mutant proteins. Disease causing genes were identified in twenty eight families, whereas twenty six families were remained unresolved. Mutations in three genes OCA2, TYR and MC1R, associated with albinism, were found in 14 (14/19) families. Four novel variants c.1056A>C, p.Arg352Ser, c.1322A>G, p.Asp441Gly, c.987C>AGA, p.Gln339Aspfs*2, c.1951 +4A>G were found in OCA2 gene including three reported variants. One novel c.1037 -18 T>G and three reported variants were found in TYR gene, whereas one reported variant was found in the MC1R gene. Moreover 10 families with congenital glaucoma were screened. Four PCG causing mutation were found in CYP1B1 gene, including 1 novel allele, c.1048 C>A, p.Pro350Thr and three known, variants. c.1572G>A, p.Arg390His was remained the frequent PCG causing mutation in CYP1B1 gene. Twenty five families affected with non-syndromic RP and 6 with syndromic RP were analyzed. Five disease causing variants were found in Bardet Biedl Syndrome associated genes in 6 10 syndromic RP families. One novel nonsense variant was detected in c.223C>T, p.Arg75*, in BBS9 gene and four reported variants in MKKS ,BBS1 and BBS2 . Homozygosity mapping was done for common RP loci in the nineteen families with non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa and were found unlinked. Two families were selected for the whole exome sequencing, and two different candidate genes were identified in each. The pathogenic variant 1708C>G, p.Arg570Gly in MARK3 was found responsible for low eye vision and phthisis phenotype in the VI-12 family. The functional studies of MARK3 gene on animal model support the findings in humans. The second family LURP-33 revealed the pathogenic variant, c.75C>A, p.Asp25Glu in novel chloride like gene, CLCC1, segregated in five affected individuals. The Cl channels play important function in the retinal structure in mice and its dysfunction leads to cause retinal degeneration. In-slico functional studies indicate the pathogenic nature of the CLCC1 variant; however, detailed study of CLCC1 knock out animals may further help to understand its function and role in causing RP. In the present study, OCA2 37% (7/19) was the frequently mutated gene causing OCA in Sindhi population followed by TYR mutations 31% (6/19). CYP1B1 was the most common gene causing PCG with a recurrent mutation, p.R390H in patients having different ethnic groups. Furthermore, Retinitis pigmentosa showed genetic heterogeneity as compared to other disorders studied here. Just MKKS gene mutation was found twice in two families with BBS, whereas, 68% (17/25) RP families were remained unlinked to common RP genes. Identification of two novel candidate gene in Sindhi consanguineous pedigrees causing RP and phthisis indicate genetic heterogeneity and may help to explore novel mechanisms of normal vision and pathophysiology of the phenotype caused by the mutation in MARK3 and CLCC1 genes. The findings may help to provide genetic counseling to affected families and may facilitate to develop cost effective, rapid diagnostic procedures for carrier screening for common mutations.
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مولاناعبدالسلام ندوی

آہ مولانا عبدالسلام ندوی
تو نظیریؔ نہ فلک آمد وبودی جو مسیح
باز پس رفتی وکس قدر تو نشنافت دریغ
حضرت الاستاذ رحمۃ اﷲ علیہ کا غم ابھی بھولا نہ تھا، مولانا سید مناظر احسن گیلانیؒ کی یاد ابھی بالکل تازہ تھی کہ ایک اور قدیم اور اہم علمی یادگار مٹ گئی اور مولانا عبدالسلام صاحب ندوی نے ۳ اور ۴ اکتوبر کی درمیانی شب کو دفعتہ انتقال کیا، دارالمصنفین کی پرانی بزم علمی کی یہی ایک شمع رہ گئی تھی جس سے اس دور کی یاد قائم تھی، افسوس کہ وہ ابھی گل ہوگئی، مرحوم مولانا شبلی کے شاگرد رشید دارالمصنفین کے پرانے رکن رکین اور اس کے علمی کاموں میں حضرت الاستاذ کے دست راست تھے، ایک زمانہ میں دونوں کا نام ساتھ ساتھ لیا جاتا تھا، وہ دارالمصنفین کے قیام کے ساتھ ہی اس سے وابستہ ہوگئے تھے اور مر کر اس سے جدا ہوئے۔
وہ فطری مصنف و اہل قلم اور ادیب و انشا پرداز تھے، ان کی اس استعداد کا اعتراف مولانا شبلیؒ کو ان کی طالب علمی کے زمانہ سے تھا، اور انھوں نے ان کے ایک کامیاب مصنف بننے کی پیشین گوئی کی تھی، یہ پیشین گوئی پوری ہوئی اور ہندوستان کے نامور مصنفین میں ان کا شمار ہوا، ان کی تصانیف نے دوسروں کو مصنف اور ادیب و انشا پرداز بنادیا اور ملک کا علمی مذاق بنانے میں ان کا بھی حصہ ہے، ان کی قوت اخذ بڑی تیز تھی، سرسری مطالعہ سے کتابوں کا جوہر کھینچ لیتے تھے قلم برداشتہ لکھتے تھے اور اس پر نظرثانی اور حک و اصلاح کی ضرورت بہت کم پیش آتی تھی، ان کا مسودہ اولیٰ ہی مبیضہ ہوتا تھا، قلم کی یہ پختگی کم مصنفین کو نصیب ہوتی ہے، علامہ شبلی کی زندگی ہی میں، الندوہ کے سب اڈیٹر اور اس کے...

بزرگ افراد کے ساتھ مروجہ معاشرتی روىے

Mankind is scattered across the surface of the earth in the forms of different religious creeds, tribal affiliations, race, colour and nationalities. Yet they share some traits that are similar and universal to all human societies. These traits include love for children and respect for the elders. However, changing times have eroded some of these positive traits. The condition of senior citizens is not enviable in the West and those following in their footsteps. Children are not fulfilling their natural duty to their old parents, and quite often the elderly are forcefully kicked out of their own houses and accommodated in designated places for the old, run by the state welfare organizations.

Characterization of Ligninolytic Enzymes Produced by Schyzophyllum Commune in Solid State Cultures for Industrial Applications

The potential of an indigenous white rot fungus Shyzophylum commune IBL-06 for the production of ligninolytic enzymes in solid state fermentation of banana stalk was investigated. The production process was further improved by optimizing some physical parameters (incubation time, moisture level, pH, temperature, inoculums size) and nutritional factors (carbon and nitrogen sources, carbon: nitrogen ratio, mediators and metal ions). By optimization of different parameters the maximum activities of enzyme synthesized by S. Commune IBL-06 were 3745 IU/mL of MnP, 2700 IU/mL of LiP and 345 IU/mL of Laccase after 3 days incubation at рH 4.5 and 35°C temperature with inoculum size, 3mL; moisture content, 60%; C: N ratio, 20:1(glucose and ammonium nitrate as carbon and nitrogen supplements), 1mM MnSO4 as mediator, 1mL and 1.25mM MgSO4 .7H2Oa, 1mL. The enzymes produced under optimum conditions were purified by (NH4SO4)2 precipitation, dialysis and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. The purified enzymes were run on SDS-PAGE and characterized through kinetic studies. The purified MnP was a monomeric protein with mass of 40 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature for MnP were 5 and 40°C with 0.29 mM KM and 450mM/min Vmax using MnSO4 as substrate. The enzyme was activated by 1mM CuSO4 but was inhibited by CaCl2, EDTA, TEMED, β- Marcaptoethanol, AgNO3 and Pb(NO3)2. The molecular weight of purified LiP was 43KDa and it displayed a single band on SDS-PAGE. LiP showed optimum pH 5.0, optimum temperature, 35°C; KM, 0.5 mM and Vmax, 400 mM/min using varatryl alcohol as substrate. The enzyme was inhibited by CuSO4, MnSO4, CaCl2, EDTA, TEMED, β-Marcaptoethanol, AgNO3, Pb(NO3)2. Molecular mass of Laccase was 63 kDa and it had optimum рH 6.0, optimum temperature 40°C, KM value 0.25mM and Vmax 80mM/min using ABTS as substrate. The laccase activity was enhanced by 2mM CuSO4, and was inhibited by MnSO4, CaCl2, EDTA, TEMED, β-Marcaptoethanol, AgNO3, Pb(NO3)2. Crude ligninase extract decoulorized Novasol direct blue dye to 80%, followed by Novasol direct yellow dye to 60%, Novasol direct red to 38% and Novasol direct black to 37%. The effluent from Magna textile industry was maximally decolorized to 87% in 24 hours, followed by effluents from Crescent, Arzoo and Chenab textile industries. S. Commune IBL-06 produced high activities of MnP and LiP having higher catalytic activities as compared to most of the previously reported enzymes.